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The photoelectric effect is a phenomenon where light (electromagnetic radiation) incident upon a metal surface causes the emission of electrons. The emitted electrons are called photoelectrons. The following equation, called the photoelectric equation, is used to describe this effect: \[K_{max} = hf - W\] where: \(K_{max}\) - the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectron \(h\) - Planck's constant (\(6.63 \times 10^{-34} Js\)) \(f\) - frequency of incident radiation \(W\) - work function of the metal (minimum energy required to release an electron) The experiment includes the stopping potential, which is the potential required to stop the photocurrent. The stopping potential (\(V_{stop}\)) is related to the maximum kinetic energy and elementary electric charge (\(e\)) by: \[K_{max} = eV_{stop}\]

(A) If \(f\) is increased, keeping \(I\) and work function constant. When \(f\) is increased, according to the photoelectric equation, the maximum kinetic energy (\(K_{max}\)) will increase. As the stopping potential (\(V_{stop}\)) is related to \(K_{max}\): \(K_{max} = eV_{stop}\) Hence, \(V_{stop}\) will also increase. So, (A) matches with (1) Stopping potential increases. (B) If the distance between cathode and anode is increased. This change would not affect the photoelectron emission itself or any of the factors in column-II. Thus, there is no matching for this statement. (C) If \(I\) is increased, keeping \(f\) and work function constant. Increasing the intensity of incident radiation (\(I\)) refers to an increase in the number of incident photons, which means more electrons will be emitted. However, it does not affect their maximum kinetic energy or stopping potential. Thus, Saturation current would increase as more photoelectrons are emitted. So, (C) matches with (2) Saturation current increases. (D) Work function is decreased, keeping \(f\) and \(I\) constant. As the work function (\(W\)) decreases, according to the photoelectric equation, the maximum kinetic energy (\(K_{max}\)) will increase. So: \(K_{max} = eV_{stop}\) The stopping potential (\(V_{stop}\)) will also increase. So, (D) matches with (1) Stopping potential increases.

After analyzing each factor from column-I and their effect on column-II factors, we can conclude the following matches: (A) matches with (1) Stopping potential increases. (B) has no matching. (C) matches with (2) Saturation current increases. (D) matches with (1) Stopping potential increases.