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A wire carrying current \(I\) and other carrying \(2 I\) in the same direction produces a magnetic field \(B\) at the mid point. What will be the field when \(2 I\) wire is switched off? (A) \(B / 2\) (B) \(2 B\) (C) \(B\) (D) \(4 B\)

Short Answer

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#tag_title#Step 2: Find the magnetic field with only I wire active#tag_content# When the wire carrying current 2I is switched off, only the wire carrying current I will generate a magnetic field. Since the configuration remains symmetric, we can still use the simplified formula for the magnetic field generated by a current-carrying wire at the midpoint: \(B_I = \frac{\mu_0 * I}{4\pi * d}\) #tag_title#Step 3: Compare the magnetic field magnitudes in both situations#tag_content# Now, we need to compare the magnetic field B with both wires active and the magnetic field \(B_I\) with only the I wire active, as found in the previous step. To do this, we will divide the two magnetic field magnitudes: \(\frac{B_I}{B} = \frac{\frac{\mu_0 * I}{4\pi * d}}{\frac{\mu_0 * I}{4\pi * d} + \frac{\mu_0 * 2I}{4\pi * d}}\) Simplifying the expression, we get: \(\frac{B_I}{B} = \frac{1}{1 + 2}\) \(\frac{B_I}{B} = \frac{1}{3}\) This means that the magnetic field magnitude at the midpoint when the 2I wire is switched off will be one-third of the initial magnetic field magnitude. Therefore, the field when the 2I wire is switched off will be: \(B_I = \frac{B}{3}\) However, this option is not present in the given choices. It indicates that the problem statement or given options may have an error.

Step by step solution

01

Find the magnetic field with both wires active

We first have to calculate the magnetic field generated by both wires at the midpoint. The magnetic field due to a current-carrying wire can be expressed by the Biot-Savart Law, which states: \(dB = \frac{\mu_0}{4\pi} * \frac{I d\vec{l} \times \vec{r}}{r^3}\) We will simplify the Biot-Savart Law formula in our case since the configuration of the wires is symmetric. The magnetic field of the wire carrying current I at the midpoint is: \(B_I = \frac{\mu_0 * I}{4\pi * d}\) The magnetic field of the wire carrying current 2I at the midpoint is: \(B_{2I} = \frac{\mu_0 * 2I}{4\pi * d}\) The total magnetic field at the midpoint with both wires active is the sum of the two magnetic fields: \(B = B_I + B_{2I}\)

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Biot-Savart Law
The Biot-Savart Law is a fundamental principle in electromagnetism, which helps us calculate the magnetic field produced by a small segment of a current-carrying wire. It specifically deals with the magnetic field created in a particular point due to the movement of electric current. The formula is expressed as:\[ dB = \frac{\mu_0}{4\pi} \cdot \frac{I d\vec{l} \times \vec{r}}{r^3} \]where:
  • \( dB \) is the infinitesimal magnetic field produced by the current element.
  • \( \mu_0 \) is the permeability of free space, a constant.
  • \( I \) is the current through the wire.
  • \( d\vec{l} \) is a small segment of the wire.
  • \( \vec{r} \) is the position vector from the current element to the point where the field is calculated.
  • \( r \) is the magnitude of the position vector \( \vec{r} \).
This law demonstrates that the magnetic field depends on the elements of length of the wire and their position relative to the point you're examining. In practical scenarios, we often integrate the equation over the entire length considered, simplifying calculations when symmetry allows.
current-carrying wire
A current-carrying wire generates a magnetic field around it, and the strength of this field is determined by the amount of current and the distance from the wire. In the context of this exercise, you have two wires, one carrying current \(I\) and another carrying \(2I\). The magnetic field produced by each wire at a given point can be calculated using the Biot-Savart Law.When current flows through a wire, it creates circular magnetic field lines encircling the wire. Important aspects to remember include:
  • The direction of the magnetic fields follows the right-hand rule. If you point the thumb of your right hand in the direction of the current, your fingers will curl in the direction of the magnetic field.
  • The strength of the magnetic field is inversely proportional to the distance from the wire. This means the closer you are to the wire, the stronger the magnetic field.
In our exercise, it was necessary to determine the field with both wires active and with one wire switched off. Understanding the behavior of the magnetic fields created by these wires helps you solve problems related to magnetic fields and current in wire loops or multiple wire systems.
superposition principle
The principle of superposition states that, in a linear system, the net response (magnetic field, in this case) at a given point is equal to the sum of the responses from individual sources. This becomes incredibly useful in electromagnetic problems, such as calculating the magnetic field from multiple sources, like multiple wires carrying current.When two or more magnetic fields interact, you can find the resultant field by simply adding the individual fields together. This method greatly simplifies calculations, especially when dealing with multiple elements, as seen in our exercise.Here:
  • The magnetic field from the wire carrying current \(I\) is \(B_I = \frac{\mu_0 \cdot I}{4\pi \cdot d}\).
  • The magnetic field from the wire carrying current \(2I\) is \(B_{2I} = \frac{\mu_0 \cdot 2I}{4\pi \cdot d}\).
  • The total field at any point is the vector sum: \(B = B_I + B_{2I}\).
By applying superposition, when the wire carrying \(2I\) is turned off, only the remaining wire’s magnetic field, \(B_I\), contributes to the magnetic field at the midpoint. This principle underscores solving complex electromagnetic problems by breaking them down into simpler, individual interactions.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A proton is fired with a speed of \(5 \times 10^{7} \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) at an angle of \(30^{\circ}\) to a magnetic field \(\vec{B}=0.40 \hat{i} \mathrm{~T}\). The pitch of the proton will be (in \(\mathrm{cm}\) )

Through two parallel wires \(A\) and \(B, 10\) and \(2 \mathrm{~A}\) of currents are passed, respectively, in opposite direction. If the wire \(A\) is infinitely long and the length of the wire \(B\) is \(2 \mathrm{~m}\), the force on the wire \(B\), which is situated at \(10 \mathrm{~cm}\) distance from \(A\) will be (A) \(8 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{~N}\) (B) \(4 \times 10^{-7} \mathrm{~N}\) (C) \(4 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{~N}\) (D) \(4 \pi \times 10^{-7} \mathrm{~N}\)

Two long parallel wires \(P\) and \(Q\) are held perpendicular to the plane of the paper at a separation of \(5 \mathrm{~m}\). If \(P\) and \(Q\) carry currents of \(2.5 \mathrm{~A}\) and \(5 \mathrm{~A}\), respectively, in the same direction, then the magnetic field at a point midway between \(P\) and \(Q\) is (A) \(\frac{\mu_{0}}{\pi}\) (B) \(\frac{\sqrt{3} \mu_{0}}{\pi}\) (C) \(\frac{\mu_{0}}{2 \pi}\) (d) \(\frac{3 \mu_{0}}{2 \pi}\)

A charged particle is released from rest in a region of steady and uniform electric and magnetic fields which are parallel to each other. The particle will move in a (A) Straight line (B) Circle (C) Helix (D) Cycloid

A particle having mass \(m\) and charge \(q\) is projected with velocity \(v_{0}\) along \(y\)-axis in a region of uniform magnetic field \(B_{0}\) which is outward and perpendicular to the plane of the paper as shown in Fig. \(15.62\). The particle is continuously subjected to a frictional force which varies with velocity as \(\vec{F}_{r}=-\alpha \vec{v}\), where \(\alpha\) is a constant. Consequently, the particle moves on a spiral path till it comes to rest at point \(P\). Find the \(x\)-co-ordinate of point \(P\). Fig. \(15.62\) (Take \(\alpha=10^{-3} \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{s}, q=10^{-3} \mathrm{C}, B_{0}=1 \mathrm{~T}\), \(\left.v_{0}=1 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}, m=20 \mathrm{gm}\right)\)

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