/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 17 USA Today gave the information s... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91Ó°ÊÓ

91Ó°ÊÓ

USA Today gave the information shown in the table about ages of children receiving toys. The percentages represent all toys sold. What is the probability that a toy is purchased for someone (a) 6 years old or older? (b) 12 years old or younger? (c) between 6 and 12 years old? (d) between 3 and 9 years old? A child between 10 and 12 years old looks at this probability distribution and asks, "Why are people more likely to buy toys for kids older than I am (13 and over) than for kids in my age group (10-12)?" How would you respond? $$\begin{array}{l|c} \hline \text { Age (years) } & \text { Percentage of Toys } \\ \hline 2 \text { and under } & 15 \% \\ 3-5 & 22 \% \\ 6-9 & 270 / 6 \\ 10-12 & 14 \% \\ 13 \text { and over } & 22 \% \end{array}$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) 81%, (b) 96%, (c) 59%, (d) 67%. Older age groups have broader interest ranges, including some appealing to both teenagers and adults.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the Percentage for 6-9 Years Old

Given that the percentage for the 6-9 age group is \( \frac{270}{6} \), first solve this division to find the percentage of toys sold to this group. \( \frac{270}{6} = 45\% \).
02

Calculate Probability for 6 Years Old or Older

Add the percentages for the age groups 6-9, 10-12, and 13 and over. \( 45\% + 14\% + 22\% = 81\% \). Thus, the probability that a toy is purchased for someone 6 years old or older is 81%.
03

Calculate Probability for 12 Years Old or Younger

Add the percentages for the age groups 2 and under, 3-5, 6-9, and 10-12. \( 15\% + 22\% + 45\% + 14\% = 96\% \). Therefore, the probability that a toy is purchased for someone 12 years old or younger is 96%.
04

Calculate Probability for Between 6 and 12 Years Old

Add the percentages for the age groups 6-9 and 10-12. \( 45\% + 14\% = 59\% \). Hence, the probability that a toy is purchased for someone between 6 and 12 years old is 59%.
05

Calculate Probability for Between 3 and 9 Years Old

Add the percentages for the age groups 3-5 and 6-9. \( 22\% + 45\% = 67\% \). Thus, the probability that a toy is purchased for someone between 3 and 9 years old is 67%.
06

Respond to the Child's Question

Explain that the 13 and over age group has a broader range and might include types of toys that are also appealing to teenagers and adults. Marketing strategies might add to sales for older age groups who have interests in more advanced toys, games, tech gadgets or collectibles.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91Ó°ÊÓ!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Understanding Probability Distribution
A probability distribution lays out how probable different outcomes are in a given statistical experiment. In the context of the exercise, the probability distribution describes the likelihood that a toy will be purchased for children of certain age ranges. For this scenario, each age range is given a particular percentage which represents the probability that a toy is purchased for that specific group.
A simple way to understand this is by looking at how these percentages are "distributed" over each age group. The percentages add up to 100% because they cover all possible age groups for toy purchases. By analyzing these percentages, you can determine how likely it is for a toy to be purchased for any given age group.
  • If you want to find out the percentage of toys sold to children aged between 6 to 12, you'd sum up the given probabilities for those groups.
  • Such distributions give a clear and concise summary of how toys are sold across ages.
Utilizing these percentages allows for more informed decisions, whether it's by marketers, researchers, or curious children evaluating their likelihood in the purchasing data.
Mastering Percentage Calculations
Percentage calculations in probability distribution often involve adding and subtracting values to understand different cumulative probabilities. Let’s break down how these calculations work using the original problem.
To find the probability that a toy is purchased for someone 6 years or older, you sum the percentages of relevant age groups. The calculation is straightforward: add together the given percentages for ages 6-9, 10-12, and 13 and over.
Here's the calculation: \[ 45 ext{ ext{%}} + 14 ext{ ext{%}} + 22 ext{ ext{%}} = 81 ext{ ext{%}} \] This results in a total of 81%.
In another example, to find the probability for ages between 3 and 9, you need to add the percentages for that range: \[ 22 ext{ ext{%}} + 45 ext{ ext{%}} = 67 ext{ ext{%}} \]These simple additions allow us to grasp cumulative probabilities easily, catering to better statistical understanding.
Improving Statistical Problem-Solving Skills
Statistical problem-solving entails using statistical methods to answer specific questions. In this exercise, we aim to determine specific probabilities based on age groups. Here's how you can enhance your skills in this area:
  • Start by carefully reading and understanding how the data is presented. In this case, recognizing the structure of a probability distribution table is important.
  • Clearly identify what you need to solve. For example, figuring out which age groups need to be included in the calculation for each question.
  • Approach each calculation separately. This precision in breaking down each part of a statistical problem ensures clarity and reduces errors.
Each problem often requires looking at data from a different perspective, such as considering why older children might purchase more toys. This broader view allows you to understand not just the solution but the underlying reasons behind it, giving you deeper insight into probability analysis.
Delving Into Age Group Analysis
Age group analysis involves understanding and interpreting data specific to different age categories. By analyzing these groups in the context of toy purchases, one can see trends about who is receiving toys and perhaps why certain age groups are more dominant in the purchasing data.
In the exercise, data shows different percentages for various age groups, with higher percentages indicating more toys being bought for those ages. Why might older groups (13 and over) get more toys? This could be due to broader ranges including adults who buy tech-oriented toys or promotional strategies targeting older demographics.
  • Understanding why toys are purchased for certain ages involves recognizing consumer behavior patterns.
  • Analyzing age data can help improve marketing strategies by identifying which age groups spend more on toys.
Effective age group analysis offers a nuanced view of the marketplace, beneficial for businesses, marketers, and anyone interested in statistical trends. With this data-driven approach, one can better understand the dynamics of toy purchasing across different phases of childhood and adolescence.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

You toss a pair of dice. (a) Determine the number of possible pairs of outcomes. (Recall that there are six possible outcomes for each die.) (b) There are three even numbers on each die. How many outcomes are possible with even numbers appearing on each die? (c) Probability extension: What is the probability that both dice will show an even number?

You draw two cards from a standard deck of 52 cards without replacing the first one before drawing the second. (a) Are the outcomes on the two cards independent? Why? (b) Find \(P(3\) on 1 st card and 10 on 2 nd). (c) Find \(P(10\) on 1 st card and 3 on 2 nd \()\). (d) Find the probability of drawing a 10 and a 3 in either order.

In this problem, you are asked to solve part of the Focus Problem at the beginning of this chapter. In his book Chances: Risk and Odds in Everyday Life, James Burke says that there is a \(72 \%\) chance a polygraph test (lie detector test) will catch a person who is, in fact, lying Furthermore, there is approximately a \(7 \%\) chance that the polygraph will falsely accuse someone of lying. (a) Suppose a person answers \(90 \%\) of a long battery of questions truthfully. What percentage of the answers will the polygraph wrongly indicate are lies? (b) Suppose a person answers \(10 \%\) of a long battery of questions with lies. What percentage of the answers will the polygraph correctly indicate are lies? (c) Repeat parts (a) and (b) if \(50 \%\) of the questions are answered truthfully and \(50 \%\) are answered with lies. (d) Repeat parts (a) and (b) if \(15 \%\) of the questions are answered truthfully and the rest are answered with lies.

There are three nursing positions to be filled at Lilly Hospital. Position 1 is the day nursing supervisor; position 2 is the night nursing supervisor; and position 3 is the nursing coordinator position. There are 15 candidates qualified for all three of the positions. Determine the number of different ways the positions can be filled by these applicants.

You draw two cards from a standard deck of 52 cards, but before you draw the second card, you put the first one back and reshuffle the deck. (a) Are the outcomes on the two cards independent? Why? (b) Find \(P(\) ace on 1 st card and king on 2 nd). (c) Find \(P(\) king on 1 st card and ace on 2 nd ). (d) Find the probability of drawing an ace and a king in either order.

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Math Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.