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In Exercises \(7-38,\) find the derivative of \(y\) with respect to \(x, t,\) or \(\theta,\) as appropriate. $$ y=t(\ln t)^{2} $$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The derivative of \( y = t(\ln t)^2 \) with respect to \( t \) is \( (\ln t)^2 + 2 \ln t \).

Step by step solution

01

Identify the function and the variable for differentiation

The function given is \( y = t(\ln t)^2 \). We need to find the derivative of \( y \) with respect to \( t \).
02

Apply the Product Rule

The function \( y = t(\ln t)^2 \) is a product of two functions: \( u = t \) and \( v = (\ln t)^2 \). To differentiate, we use the product rule: \( \frac{d}{dt}(uv) = u'v + uv' \).- \( u' = \frac{d}{dt}(t) = 1 \).- \( v = (\ln t)^2 \), which we'll differentiate next.
03

Differentiate \( v = (\ln t)^2 \) using the Chain Rule

To find \( v' \), apply the chain rule to \( (\ln t)^2 \):First, let \( w = \ln t \), so \( v = w^2 \).- Derivative of \( w^2 \) with respect to \( w \): \( \frac{d}{dw}(w^2) = 2w \).- Derivative of \( w \) with respect to \( t \): \( \frac{d}{dt}(\ln t) = \frac{1}{t} \).Combine using the chain rule: \( v' = 2(\ln t) \cdot \frac{1}{t} = \frac{2 \ln t}{t} \).
04

Substitute into the Product Rule Expression

Now substitute back into the product rule formula:\[ \frac{d}{dt}(y) = u'v + uv' = 1 \cdot (\ln t)^2 + t \cdot \frac{2 \ln t}{t} \].
05

Simplify the Expression

Simplify the expression:\[ \frac{d}{dt}(y) = (\ln t)^2 + 2 \ln t \]. This is because the \( t \) in \( t \cdot \frac{2 \ln t}{t} \) cancels out.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Product Rule
The Product Rule is essential when you are dealing with the derivative of a function that is the product of two other functions. If you have two functions, let's call them \( u(t) \) and \( v(t) \), the product rule helps you find their derivative by using this formula:
  • \( \frac{d}{dt}(u \cdot v) = u' \cdot v + u \cdot v' \)
This means you take the derivative of the first function and multiply it by the second function, and then take the derivative of the second function and multiply it by the first.
The beauty of the product rule lies in how it tackles two functions simultaneously, ensuring we account for changes in both. It's like having a recipe for a perfect cake instead of guessing each step! By following each step carefully, you maintain accuracy in differentiation without missing any components important to the expression.
Chain Rule
The chain rule is a powerful tool for differentiation, especially useful when dealing with composite functions. It allows you to differentiate the outer function and the inner function separately, then combine them.
  • For instance, if you have a function \( y = f(g(t)) \), the derivative \( \frac{dy}{dt} \) is given by \( f'(g(t)) \cdot g'(t) \).
In practical terms, you first differentiate the outer function, treat the inner function temporarily as a constant, then multiply by the derivative of the inner function.
This rule is particularly handy when working with exponentials, trigonometric, or in this case, logarithmic functions nested inside another. Thinking of it like peeling an onion can help鈥攊t requires stripping layers step by step down to the core, maintaining the integrity of both the structure (function) and the process (differentiation).
Derivative of logarithmic function
Finding the derivative of logarithmic functions is an essential skill when dealing with any expressions involving \( \ln(t) \). The derivative of \( \ln(t) \) with respect to \( t \) is
  • \( \frac{d}{dt}(\ln t) = \frac{1}{t} \).
The natural logarithm has these fascinating properties where differentiation results in a function that diminishes over \( t \), shaping many natural phenomena.
When you encounter more complex expressions like \((\ln t)^2\), you apply both the chain rule and knowledge of basic logarithmic derivatives to unpack and analyze the expression thoroughly. By mastering this, differentiation seems less like decoding a mystery and more like uncovering patterns in a puzzle. Logarithmic differentiation is not just about processes; it's about seeing the world through a lens where growth and decay often occur.
Simplifying expressions
Once you have applied the rules and computed derivatives, simplifying expressions is the final step towards clarity. Simplification helps make the expression easier to understand and use, especially if it's part of a larger mathematical problem or application.
  • Consider the expression derived in the previous steps: \( (\ln t)^2 + 2 \ln t \).
  • The simplification involves reducing unnecessary complexity, like canceling terms when possible.
For example, multiplying through and simplifying \( t \cdot \frac{2 \ln t}{t} \) cancels the \( t \), leaving \( 2 \ln t \).
In essence, simplifying expressions is like tidying up a room after a busy day, where each piece of information finds its proper place and becomes more accessible.
Through simplification, you not only make the math look neater but ensure it 鈥渟peaks鈥 to you and others with precision鈥攁 clean, elegant translation of mathematical language.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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