/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Q.AP2.22 - Cumulative AP Practise Test A health worker is interested in... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 7: Q.AP2.22 - Cumulative AP Practise Test (page 438)

A health worker is interested in determining if omega-3 fish oil can help reduce cholesterol in adults. She obtains permission to examine the health records of 200 people in a large medical clinic and classifies them according to whether or not they take omega-3 fish oil. She also obtains their latest cholesterol readings and finds that the mean cholesterol reading for those who are taking omega-3 fish oil is 18 points less than the mean for the group not taking omega-3 fish oil.

a. Is this an observational study or an experiment? Justify your answer.

b. Explain the concept of confounding in the context of this study and give one example of a variable that could be confounded with whether or not people take omega-3 fish oil.

c. Researchers find that the 18-point difference in the mean cholesterol readings of the two groups is statistically significant. Can they conclude that omega-3 fish oil is the cause? Why or why not?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) the no treatment was assigned, the study is an observational study.

(b) the amount of exercise also affects of the amount of exercise is confounded with the omega-3 fish oil.

(c) the omega-3 fish oil is the reason of the statistically significant difference.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given Information

Observational study

02

Part (a) Step 2: Simplification

An experiment deliberately forces some treatment on individuals in arrangement to detect their responses. An observational study tries to store information without disturbing the scene they are noticing. The subjects were not given any treatment due to the data being based on health records and therefore the researchers had no control over who took and who did not take omega-3 fish oil. If the no treatment was assigned, the study is an observational study.

03

Part (b) Step 1: Given Information

Two variables are confounded if their affect on a response variable cannot be discriminated from each other. The amount of exercise is a possible confounding variable.

04

Part (b) Step 2: Simplification

Two variables are confounded when their affected on a response variable cannot be discriminated from each other. People who take omega-3 fish oil may be more interested in having a good health and therefore these people may exercise more. Although, the amount of exercise also affects of the amount of exercise is confounded with the omega-3 fish oil.

05

Part (c) Step 1: Given Information

because there are possible confounding variables

06

Part (c) Step 2: Simplification

The conclusion from the previous part is that the study would be an observational study and that the study had possible confounding variables. As long as there are possible confounding variables which cannot be 100%assure that the omega-3 fish oil is the reason of the statistically significant difference.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Sample minimums List all 10possible SRSs of size n=3, calculate the minimum quiz score for each sample, and display the sampling distribution of the sample minimum on a dotplot.

David鈥檚 iPod has about 10,000songs. The distribution of the play times for these songs is heavily skewed to the right with a mean of 225seconds and a standard deviation of 60seconds.

a. Describe the shape of the sampling distribution of xfor SRSs of size n=5from the population of songs on David鈥檚 iPod. Justify your answer.

b. Describe the shape of the sampling distribution of x for SRSs of size n=100 from the population of songs on David鈥檚 iPod. Justify your answer.


On one episode of his show, a radio show host encouraged his listeners to visit his website and vote in a poll about proposed tax increases. Of the 4821 people who vote, 4277 are against the proposed increases. To which of the following populations should the results of this poll be generalized?

a. All people who have ever listened to this show

b. All people who listened to this episode of the show

c. All people who visited the show host's website

d. All people who voted in the poll

e. All people who voted against the proposed increases

The five-number summary for a data set is given by min = 5, Q1=18, median = 20, Q3=40, max = 75. If you wanted to construct a boxplot for the data set that would show outliers, if any existed, what would be the maximum possible length of the right-side 鈥渨hisker鈥�?

a. 33

b. 35

c. 45

d. 53

e. 55

More sample proportions List all 4possible SRSs of size n=3, calculate the proportion of red cars in the sample, and display the sampling distribution of the sample proportion on a dot plot with the same scale as the dot plot in Exercise 19. How does the variability of this sampling distribution compare with the variability of the sampling distribution from Exercise 19? What does this indicate about increasing the sample size?

From exercise19:

Car NumberColorAge
1
Red
1
2
White
5
3
Silver
8
4
Red
20
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Math Textbooks

Discrete Mathematics

Read Explanation

Logic and Functions

Read Explanation

Mechanics Maths

Read Explanation

Calculus

Read Explanation

Applied Mathematics

Read Explanation

Probability and Statistics

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.