Chapter 6: Q.115 (page 431)
If Jeff keeps playing until he wins a prize, what is the probability that he has to play the game exactly 5 times?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Short Answer
The correct option is (a).
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Chapter 6: Q.115 (page 431)
If Jeff keeps playing until he wins a prize, what is the probability that he has to play the game exactly 5 times?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The correct option is (a).
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Kids and toys In an experiment on the behavior of young children, each subject is placed in an area with five toys. Past experiments have shown that the probability distribution of the number X of toys played with by a randomly selected subject is as follows:

Part (a). Write the event 鈥渃hild plays with 5 toys鈥 in terms of X. Then find its probability.
Part (b). What鈥檚 the probability that a randomly selected subject plays with at most 3 toys?
Baby elk Refer to Exercise 77 . How surprising would it be for more than 4 elk in the sample to survive to adulthood? Calculate an appropriate probability to support your answer.
Joe reads that 1 out of 4 eggs contains salmonella bacteria. So he never uses more than 3 eggs in cooking. If eggs do or don't contain salmonella independently of each other, the number of contaminated eggs when Joe uses 3 eggs chosen at random has the following distribution:
a. binomial; and
b. binomial; and
c. binomial; and
d. geometric;
e. geometric;
Red light! Refer to Exercise 84. Calculate and interpret
Exercises 21 and 22 examine how Benford鈥檚 law (Exercise 9) can be used to detect fraud.
Benford鈥檚 law and fraud A not-so-clever employee decided to fake his monthly expense report. He believed that the first digits of his expense amounts should be equally likely to be any of the numbers from 1 to 9. In that case, the first digit Yof a randomly selected expense amount would have the probability distribution shown in the histogram.
(a) What鈥檚 ? According to Benford鈥檚 law (see Exercise 9), what proportion of first digits in the employee鈥檚 expense amounts should be greater than 6? How could this information be used to detect a fake expense report?
(b) Explain why the mean of the random variable Yis located at the solid red line in the figure.
(c) According to Benford鈥檚 law, the expected value of the first digit is . Explain how this information could be used to detect a fake expense report.

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