91Ó°ÊÓ

We have been given that,

Maria wants to perform a simulation , the probability that $4$or fewer pieces of toast out of $10$would land butter side down if the researchers’ probability value is correct =$0.81$

probability of toast landing butter side down =$0.81$

First we will select a row and then we will select a two - digit number,

if the number lies between $00$to $80$(both including),

then toast will land butter side down,otherwise

toast will land butter side up.

Number of trials given to perform = $10$

So,we will select $10$numbers.

Record the number of toast that land butter side down out of $10$.

We have been given that,

Maria wants to perform a simulation , the probability that $4$or fewer pieces of toast out of $4$would land butter side down. if the researchers’ probability value is correct =$0.81$

probability of toast landing butter side down =$0.81$

First we will select a row and then we will select a two - digit number,

if the number lies between $00$to $80$(both including),

then toast will land butter side down,otherwise

toast will land butter side up.

We have selected first row and the first two-digit number selected is $29$.

First trial:

numbers selected are,

$29,07,71,48,63,61,68,34,70,52$

all the selected numbers are between $00$to $80$.

So,$10$toast lie butter side down and $0$toast lie butter side up.

Second trial:

numbers selected are,

$62,22,45,10,25,95,05,29,09,08$

all the selected numbers are between $00$to $80$except $95$.

So, $9$toast lie butter side down and $1$toast lie butter side up.

Third trial:

numbers selected are,

$73,59,27,51,86,87,13,69,57,61$

all the selected numbers are between $00$to $80$except $86,87$.

So, $8$ toast lie butter side down and $2$ toast lie butter side up.

We have been given that,

Maria wants to perform a simulation , the probability that $4$or fewer pieces of toast out of $4$would land butter side down. if the researchers’ probability value is correct =$0.81$

probability of toast landing butter side down =$0.81$

Number of toast used for simulation=$10$

Probability of toast falling butter side down =$0.81$

Number of toast falling butter side down = $0.81*10$=$8.1$

approximately,$8$toast fall butter side down.

In the given dotplot of $50$simulated trials of dropping $10$pieces of toast ,$8$consists of maximum number of dots.

So,there is no convincing evidence that the researchers’ $0.81$probability value is incorrect.