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Comparing bone density Refer to Exercise 17 Judy鈥檚 friend Mary also had the bone density in her hip measured using DEXA. Mary is 35 years old. Her bone density is also reported as 948g/cm2 but her standardized score is z=0.50 The mean bone density in the hip for the reference population of 35-year-old women is 944grams/cm2

a. Whose bones are healthier for her age: Judy鈥檚 or Mary鈥檚? Justify your answer.

b. Calculate the standard deviation of the bone density in Mary鈥檚 reference population. How does this compare with your answer to Exercise 17(b)? Are you surprised?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part (a) Mary鈥檚 bones are healthier for her age.

Part (b) Standard deviation,=8

Standard deviation of the density is higher in Mary鈥檚 case.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

Value,x=948

Mean,=944

z score,z=0.50

02

Part (a) Step 2: Concept

The formula used:z=(x-)

03

Part (a) Step 3: Explanation

z scores,

For Judy, z=1.45

For Mary, z=0.50

The amount of standard deviations a value deviates from the mean is described by the zscore.

The value is below the mean when the zscore is negative.

Whereas,

Positive zimplies that the value is greater than the mean.

That implies

The higher the zscore, the better (or healthier).

A higher zscore in the reference population suggests higher bone density.

As a result, Mary鈥檚 bones are healthier for her age.

04

Part (b) Step 1: Calculation

Calculate the z score:

z=x

Substitute values,

0.50=948944

That becomes

0.50=4

That further becomes

=40.50=8

Because the standard deviation and data values have the same units.

Thus,

The standard deviation is 8g/cm2

Surprisingly, the standard deviation of the density in Mary鈥檚 case is higher than that of Judy鈥檚 case.

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