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Chapter 11: Q. 40 (page 755)

Preventing strokes Refer to Exercise 38. Which treatment seems to be most effective? Least effective? Justify your choices.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The most effective treatment is both Aspirin and Dypiridamole and the least effective is Placebo.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

We need to find the most effective and least effective treatment to prevent stroke.

02

Explanation

We know that

Expected frequencies are a product of row and column total divided by table total. So,

ROW AND COLUMN NUMBER
EXPECTED FREQUENCY
E11
205.81
E12
1443.19
E21
205.81
E22
1443.19
E31
206.44
E32
1447.56
E41
205.94
E42
1444.06

The expected frequency of the number of successes deviates the most from the observed frequency, but the expected frequency for the treatment is higher than the observed frequency (expected 205.94and observed 157). As a result, the treatment of both is the most successful.

We see that for the treatment Placebo, the expected frequency of the number of successes differs the greatest from the observed frequency, whereas the expected frequency is lower than the observed frequency (expected 205.81and observed 250). As a result, the Placebo appears to be the least effective treatment.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

For these data, 蠂2=69.8with a P-value of approximately 0. Assuming that the researchers used a significance level of 0.05, which of the following is true?

a. A Type I error is possible.

b. A Type II error is possible.

c. Both a Type I and a Type II error are possible.

d. There is no chance of making a Type I or Type II error because the P-value is approximately 0.

e. There is no chance of making a Type I or Type II error because the calculations are correct.

Preventing strokes Aspirin prevents blood from clotting and so helps prevent strokes.

The Second European Stroke Prevention Study asked whether adding another anticlotting

drug named dipyridamole would be more effective for patients who had already had a

stroke. Here are the data on strokes during the two years of the study

a. Summarize these data in a two-way table.

b. Do the data provide convincing evidence of a difference in the effectiveness of the four

treatments at the伪=0.05significance level?

Where do you live? Conduct a follow-up analysis for the test in Exercise 49.

The two-way table shows the results of the experiment described in

Exercise 28.

Hatching Statuswater temperature:coldwater temperature:neutral
water temperature:hot
Total
Yes16
38
75
129
No11
18
29
58
Total
27
56
104
187

a. State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses.

b. Show the calculation for the expected count in the Cold/Yes cell. Then provide a

complete table of expected counts.

c. Calculate the value of the chi-square test statistic.

Skittles庐 Statistics teacher Jason Mole sky contacted Mars, Inc., to ask about the color distribution for Skittles candies. Here is an excerpt from the response he received: 鈥淭he original flavor blend for the Skittles Bite Size Candies is lemon, green apple, orange, strawberry and grape. They were chosen as a result of consumer preference tests we conducted. The flavor blend is 20 percent of each flavor.鈥�

a. State appropriate hypotheses for a significance test of the company鈥檚 claim.

b. Find the expected counts for a random sample of 60 candies.

c. How large a 蠂2test statistic would you need to have significant evidence against the company鈥檚 claim at the 伪=0.05 level? At the 伪=0.01 level?

d. Create a set of observed counts for a random sample of 60 candies that gives a P-value between 0.01 and 0.05 Show the calculation of your chi-square test statistic.
See all solutions

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