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Chapter 1: Q 127. (page 80)

How tall are you?(1.2) We used Census At School鈥檚 鈥淩andom Data Selector鈥� to choose a sample of 50 Canadian students who completed a survey in a recent year. Here are the students鈥� heights (in centimeters):

Make an appropriate graph to display these data. Describe the shape, center, and variability of the distribution. Are there any outliers?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Roughly symmetric, with a center point of 170. The data ranges from 145 to 195. There are no outliers.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Given information.

The given heights are:

02

Step 2. Make an appropriate graph.

As we can see that the sample size is large and the variable is quantitative, a histogram is the best option. The bars must have the same width while the height must be equal to the frequency.

Because the tallest bars lie in the centre of the histogram, the shape is roughly symmetric.

Because the centre of a symmetric distribution lies in the middle of the highest bars, it is about at 170.

The data has a range of values between 145 and 195.

There are no outliers in the histogram because all of the bars are adjacent.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The following bar graph shows the distribution of favorite subject for a sample of 1000 students. What is the most serious problem with the graph?

(a) The subjects are not listed in the correct order.

(b) This distribution should be displayed with a pie chart.

(c) The vertical axis should show the percent of students.

(d) The vertical axis should start at 0 rather than 100.

(e) The foreign language bar should be broken up by language.

U.S. women鈥檚 soccer鈥�2016 Earlier, we examined data on the number of goals scored by the 2016 U.S. women鈥檚 soccer team in 20 games played. The following dotplot displays the goal differential for those same games, computed as U.S. goals scored minus opponent goals scored.

Part (a). Explain what the dot above 3 represents.

Part (b). What does the graph tell us about how well the team did in 2016? Be specific.

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(a) Find the median.

(b) Without doing any calculations, explain how the mean and median compare.

Women and children first? Here鈥檚 another table that summarizes data on survival status by gender and class of travel on the Titanic:

(a) Find the distributions of survival status for males and for females within each class of travel. Did women survive the disaster at higher rates than men? Explain.

(b) In an earlier example, we noted that survival status is associated with class of travel. First-class passengers had the highest survival rate, while third-class passengers had the lowest survival rate. Does this same relationship hold for both males and females in all three classes of travel? Explain.

Enhancing creativity Do external rewards鈥攖hings like money, praise, fame, and grades 鈥攑romote creativity? Researcher Teresa Amabile recruited 47 experienced creative writers who were college students and divided them at random into two groups. The students in one group were given a list of statements about external reasons (E) for writing, such as public recognition, making money, or pleasing their parents. Students in the other group were given a list of statements about internal reasons (I) for writing, such as expressing yourself and enjoying wordplay. Both groups were then instructed to write a poem about laughter. Each student鈥檚 poem was rated separately by 12 different poets using a creativity scale. 26 These ratings were averaged to obtain an overall creativity score for each poem. Parallel dotplots of the two groups鈥� creativity scores are shown here.

Part (a). Is the variability in creativity scores similar or different for the two groups? Justify your answer.

Part (b). Do the data suggest that external rewards promote creativity? Justify your answer.
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