/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Q. 78 Do males have higher literacy ra... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Do males have higher literacy rates than females, on average, in Islamic countries? The following table shows the percent of men and women who were literate in 24largely Muslim nations at the time of this writing.

a. Explain why these are paired data.

b. A dot-plot of the difference (Male 鈥 Female) in literacy rate for each country is shown. Describe what the graph reveals about whether males have higher literacy rates than females in these countries, on average.

c. Calculate the mean difference and the standard deviation of the differences. Interpret the standard deviation.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part a. we note that the Male literacy data values belongs to the same countries as the Female literacy rates which implies that we have two data values per day and thus each of these data values per day forms a pair.

Part b. We note that all dots in the dot plot lie to the right of the zero which means that most of the differences are positive and thus the male literacy rates appears to be higher than the female literacy rates in general.

Part c. The mean is9.8208 and the standard deviation is9.6569.

Step by step solution

01

Part a. Step 1. Explanation

Data re paired if a data value in one sample corresponds with a unique data value in the other sample.

In this case, we note that the Male literacy data values belongs to the same countries as the Female literacy rates which implies that we have two data values per day and thus each of these data values per day forms a pair.

02

Part b. Step 1. Explanation

The dots in the dot plot represents the difference between males literacy rates and females literacy rates.

We note that all dots in the dot plot lie to the right of the zero which means that most of the differences are positive and thus the male literacy rates appears to be higher than the female literacy rates in general.

03

Part c. Step 1. Explanation

It is given that the table of the difference which is the male literacy rates less by the female literacy rates.

The mean is:

x=i-1nxin=30.5+0+0.2+8.6+16.8+7.4+15.4+8.7+6.4+0.5+7.4+7.9+4.7+18.5+25+9.1+12.4+0.2+14.8+4+1+0.6+34.4+1.224=235.724=9.8208

The sample variance is then as:

s2=(x-x)2n-1=(30.5-9.8208)2+(0-9.8208)2+(0.2-9.8208)2+(8.6-9.8208)2+(16.8-9.8208)2+(7.4-9.8208)2+(15.4-9.8208)2+(8.7-9.8208)2+(6.4-9.8208)2+(0.5-9.8208)2+(7.4-9.8208)2+(7.9-9.8208)2+(4.7-9.8208)2+(18.5-9.8208)2+(25-9.8208)2+(9.1-9.8208)2+(12.4-9.8208)2+(0.2-9.8208)2+(14.8-9.8208)2+(4-9.8208)2+(1-9.8208)2+(0.6-9.8208)2+(34.4-9.8208)2+(1.2-9.8208)2+(24-1=93.2548

The sample standard deviation is then,

s=s2=93.2548=9.6569

The difference are on average9.8208 which tends to vary on average by9.6569 from the average of9.8208.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Children make choices Refer to Exercise 15.

a. Explain why the sample results give some evidence for the alternative hypothesis.

b. Calculate the standardized test statistic and P-value.

c. What conclusion would you make?

鈥淚 can鈥檛 get through my day without coffee鈥 is a common statement from many college students. They assume that the benefits of coffee include staying awake during lectures and remaining more alert during exams and tests. Students in a statistics class designed an experiment to measure memory retention with and without drinking a cup of coffee 1 hour before a test. This experiment took place on two different days in the same week (Monday and Wednesday). Ten students were used. Each student received no coffee or one cup of coffee 1 hour before the test on a particular day. The test consisted of a series of words flashed on a screen, after which the student had to write down as many of the words as possible. On the other day, each student received a different amount of coffee (none or one cup).

a. One of the researchers suggested that all the subjects in the experiment drink no coffee before Monday鈥檚 test and one cup of coffee before Wednesday鈥檚 test. Explain to the researcher why this is a bad idea and suggest a better method of deciding when each subject receives the two treatments.

b. The researchers actually used the better method of deciding when each subject receives the two treatments that you identified in part (a). For each subject, the number of words recalled when drinking no coffee and when drinking one cup of coffee is recorded in the table. Carry out an appropriate test to determine whether there is convincing evidence that drinking coffee improves memory, on average, for students like the ones in this study.

Beta-blockers In a study of heart surgery, one issue was the effect of drugs called beta-blockers on the pulse rate of patients during surgery. The available subjects were randomly assigned into two groups. One group received a beta-blocker; the other group received a placebo. The pulse rate of each patient at a critical point during the operation was recorded. Here are the data in summary form:

a. The distribution of pulse rate in each group is not Normal. The use of two-sample t procedures is still justified. Why?

b. Construct and interpret a 99%confidence interval for the difference in mean pulse rates for patients like these who receive a beta-blocker or a placebo.

c. Interpret the 99%confidence level in the context of this study.

Cockroaches The pesticide diazinon is commonly used to treat infestations of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica. A study investigated the persistence of this pesticide on various types of surfaces. Researchers applied a 0.5%emulsion of diazinon to glass and plasterboard. After 14days, they randomly assigned 72cockroaches to two groups of 36, placed one group on each surface, and recorded the number that died within 48hours. On glass, 18cockroaches died, while on plasterboard, 25died. Ifp1,p2

are the true proportions of cockroaches like these that would die within 48

hours on glass treated with diazinon and on plasterboard treated with diazinon,

respectively, check if the conditions for calculating a confidence interval for p1-p2are met.

American-made cars Nathan and Kyle both work for the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV), but they live in different states. In Nathan鈥檚 state, 80%of the registered cars are made by American manufacturers. In Kyle鈥檚 state, only 60%of the registered cars are made by American manufacturers. Nathan selects a random sample of 100cars in his state and Kyle selects a random sample of 70cars in his state. Let pn-pkbe the difference (Nathan鈥檚 state 鈥 Kyle鈥檚 state) in the sample proportion of cars made by American manufacturers.

a. What is the shape of the sampling distribution of pn-pk? Why?

b. Find the mean of the sampling distribution.

c. Calculate and interpret the standard deviation of the sampling distribution.

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Math Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.