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We need to explain the statement "Genetics and diet type would be confounded if the$10$rats from litter$1$were fed diet$A$.

We know that

• When the effects of two variables on the same response variable cannot be distinguished, they are said to be confused.
• We wouldn't know if the differences between Litter one and the other litter are due to genetics or diet if all of the rats in Litter one were fed Diet $A$, because the two litters differ both in diet and genetics.

As a result, we cannot distinguish between the impacts of genetics and the kind of diet on the response variable, implying that they are confused.

We need to find the reason for randomly assigning the rats to treatments using a randomized block design with litters as blocks.

We know that

• A randomized block experiment divides the experimental units into two or more blocks based on a common trait and then assigns a treatment to each block at random.
• We'll utilize the litters as blocks because various litters have varied genotypes that could alter the outcomes.
• The five rats from litter one are randomly assigned to diet $A$, while five rats from litter two are randomly assigned to diet $A$. Diet B is given to the remaining rats.

Compare the rats' health in each block (litter) and for each diet variety.

We need to carry out the random assignment.

We will assign a no. between one to ten in each of litter one and litter two.

Let the row chosen from table $D$is$124$.

$7103509001433674949772719967582761191596$

In litter one,

Let us choose the first digit, and five unique rats were chosen for diet $A$

Therefore, values assigned to rat in diet $A$are $\#1,\#3,\#5,\#7,\#10$and that assigned to diet $B$are $\#2,\#4,\#6,\#8,\#9$.

In litter two,

Similar to litter one value are assigned to the rats.

Therefore, values assigned to rat in diet $A$are $\#1,\#3,\#4,\#9,\#10$and that assigned to diet $B$are$\#2,\#5,\#6,\#7,\#8$.