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Chapter 4: Q. 26 (page 239)

Immigration reform A news organization wants to know what percent of U.S. residents support a 鈥減athway to citizenship鈥� for people who live in the United States illegally. The news organization randomly selects registered voters for the survey. Describe how under coverage might lead to bias in this study. Explain the likely direction of the bias.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The study's sample is skewed since it only includes persons who are lawfully present in the United States and excludes those who are here in the country illegally.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

We have to describe how under coverage might lead to bias in this study and explain the likely direction of the bias.

02

Simplification

A news outlet is curious as to what percentage of Americans support a "road to citizenship" for persons living in the country illegally. For the poll, the news outlet chooses registered voters at random.

The study's sample is skewed since it only includes persons who are lawfully present in the United States and excludes those who are here in the country illegally. Because the sample covered does not clearly describe the survey's result because they are citizens and have no concerns, the sample cannot clearly define the survey's result. As a result, the study is under-researched and under-estimated.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Tonya wanted to estimate the average amount of time that students at her school spend on Facebook each day. She gets an alphabetical roster of students in the school from the registrar鈥檚 office and numbers the students from 1 to 1137. Then Tonya uses a random number generator to pick 30 distinct labels from 1 to 1137. She surveys those 30 students about their Facebook use. Tonya鈥檚 sample is a simple random sample because

a. it was selected using a chance process.

b. it gave every individual the same chance to be selected.

c. it gave every possible sample of size 30 an equal chance to be selected.

d. it doesn鈥檛 involve strata or clusters.

e. it is guaranteed to be representative of the population.

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appropriate conclusion based on this study?

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d. Happier people in Canada are less likely to have heart problems.

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Dead trees On the west side of Rocky Mountain National Park, many mature pine trees are dying due to infestation by pine beetles. Scientists would like to use sampling to estimate the proportion of all pine trees in this area that have been infested.

a. Explain why it wouldn鈥檛 be practical for scientists to obtain an SRS in this setting.

b. A possible alternative would be to use every pine tree along the park鈥檚 main road as a sample. Why is this sampling method biased?

c. Suppose that a more complicated random sampling plan is carried out, and that 35% of the pine trees in the sample are infested by the pine beetle. Can scientists conclude that exactly 35% of all the pine trees on the west side of the park are infested? Why or why not?

Suppose that 35% of the voters in a state are registered as Republicans, 40% as

Democrats, and 25% as Independents. A newspaper wants to select a sample of 1000

registered voters to predict the outcome of the next election. If it randomly selects 350

Republicans, randomly selects 400 Democrats, and randomly selects 250 Independents,

did this sampling procedure result in a simple random sample of registered voters from

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a. Yes, because each registered voter had the same chance of being chosen.

b. Yes, because random chance was involved.

c. No, because not all registered voters had the same chance of being chosen.

d. No, because a different number of registered voters was selected from each party.

e. No, because not all possible groups of 1000 registered voters had the same chance of

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A recent random sample of n=805adult U.S. residents found that the proportion who rated the honesty and ethical standards of nurses as high or very high is 0.85. This is 0.15higher than the proportion recorded for doctors, the next highest-ranked profession.

a. Identify the sample and the population in this setting.

b. Do you think that the proportion of all U.S. residents who would rate the honesty and ethical standards of nurses as high or very high is exactly 0.85? Explain your answer.

c. What is the benefit of increasing the sample size in this context?
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