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Chapter 8: Problem 34

Nonresponse. Academic sample surveys, unlike commercial polls, often discuss nonresponse. A survey of drivers began by randomly sampling all listed residential telephone numbers in the United States. Of 45,956 calls to these numbers, 5029 were completed.27 What was the rate of nonresponse for this sample? (Only one call was made to each number. Nonresponse would be lower if more calls were made-)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The rate of nonresponse is approximately 89.1%.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the Problem

We are given the total number of calls made, which is 45,956, and the number of completed calls, which is 5,029. We need to find the rate of nonresponse, which is the portion of calls that were not completed.
02

Calculate the Number of Nonresponses

First, calculate the number of calls that did not result in a completed survey. To do this, subtract the number of completed calls from the total number of calls: \(45,956 - 5,029 = 40,927\).
03

Calculate the Nonresponse Rate

The nonresponse rate is the fraction of calls that were not completed out of the total calls made. So, divide the number of nonresponses by the total number of calls and multiply by 100 to get the percentage: \(\frac{40,927}{45,956} \times 100\).
04

Compute the Final Result

Perform the calculation from the previous step: \(\frac{40,927}{45,956} \approx 0.891 \). Convert this to a percentage: \(0.891 \times 100 \approx 89.1\%\).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Academic Sample Surveys
Academic sample surveys are research tools used to collect data from a specific group or segment of the population. They are vital in academic research because they help in understanding trends, behaviors, or opinions within a targeted community. The collection process is typically systematic to ensure findings are accurate and reliable.
  • **Purpose:** Primarily used for scholarly purposes, these surveys aim to contribute to academic knowledge or understand a phenomenon rather than for commercial gain.
  • **Methodology:** These surveys employ varied methodologies like random sampling to minimize bias and maximize the representativeness of the sample.
  • **Bias and Nonresponse:** Challenges such as nonresponse bias can arise if a significant portion of the selected sample fails to participate. This can skew results and impact the validity of the study's conclusions.
When conducting academic sample surveys, researchers should always strive to maximize participation, possibly through follow-up reminders or incentives, thus reducing bias and increasing the robustness of their findings.
Residential Telephone Survey
A residential telephone survey involves contacting individuals through their residential phone lines to collect data. This method has been widely used due to its broad reach and effectiveness in gathering quantitative data.
  • **Advantages:** Easy access to a large population, cost-efficient compared to face-to-face interviews, and allows quick data collection.
  • **Challenges:** With the decline in landline usage and the rise of mobile phones, this method may miss certain demographics, potentially leading to sampling bias.
  • **Execution:** Generally involves calling during convenient hours and only making a limited number of calls to prevent disturbances. Measures like ensuring anonymity can encourage higher participation rates.
Residential telephone surveys must adapt to modern communication trends to remain effective. Incorporating mobile numbers and using online survey methods can mitigate some of the challenges faced today.
Survey Completion Rate
The survey completion rate is a crucial metric that indicates the proportion of initiated surveys that reach completion. This is important for evaluating the effectiveness of survey data collection processes.
  • **Calculation:** Calculated by dividing the number of completed surveys by the total number of attempts and multiplying by 100.
  • **Importance:** A higher completion rate generally signifies more reliable data, as it suggests fewer biases related to nonresponse.
  • **Improvement Tips:** Offering incentives, simplifying the survey process, and using clear, concise questions can help improve this rate.
Monitoring survey completion rates can help researchers understand and address any barriers to completion, boosting the quality and reliability of their research findings.
Nonresponse Calculation
Nonresponse calculation helps quantify the extent to which individuals do not participate in a survey, which is crucial for assessing the reliability of survey findings.
  • **Calculation Method:** The nonresponse rate is calculated by subtracting the number of completed surveys from the total attempted surveys, dividing that number by the total surveys, and then multiplying by 100 to get a percentage.
  • **Significance:** High nonresponse rates can indicate potential biases, as the views of non-respondents might differ from those who responded.
  • **Reduction Strategies:** To lower nonresponse rates, follow-up calls or reminders, providing incentives, and ensuring confidentiality can be effective strategies.
Understanding and addressing nonresponse is critical in ensuring that survey results are as comprehensive and unbiased as possible. Accurate calculation and strategies to improve response rates can significantly enhance the validity of research outcomes.

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