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Chapter 4: Q194SE (page 285)

Doctors and ethics. Refer to the Journal of Medical Ethics (Vol. 32, 2006) study of the extent to which doctors refuse ethics consultation, Exercise 2.166 (p. 146). Consider a random sample of 10 doctors, each of whom is confronted with an ethical dilemma (e.g., an end-of-life issue or treatment of a patient without insurance). What is the probability that at least two of the doctors refuse ethics consultation? Use your answer to 2.166b to estimate p, the probability that a doctor will refuse to use ethics consultation.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The probability that at least two doctors refuse ethics consultation is 0.6089.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

Define the random variable x as the number of doctors who refuse ethics consultation.

The number of doctorsn=10

The probability of a doctor refusingan ethics consultation is 0.195. i.e., p=0.195.

02

Calculating the probability

Here, the random variable x follows a binomial distribution.

Px<X=鈭�x=0nnxpxqn-x

Therefore,

Px<2=1000.19500.80510-0+1010.19510.80510-1=0.80510+100.1950.8059=0.3910

Let,

Px猢�2=1-Px<2=1-0.3910=0.6089

Thus, the probability that at least two doctors refuse ethics consultation is 0.6089.

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