Chapter 2: 140SE (page 142)
Discuss the conditions under which the median is preferred to the mean as a measure of central tendency.
Short Answer
When there is skewness in the data set.
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Chapter 2: 140SE (page 142)
Discuss the conditions under which the median is preferred to the mean as a measure of central tendency.
When there is skewness in the data set.
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Lead in drinking water. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets a limit on the amount of lead permitted in drinking water. The EPA Action Level for lead is .015 milligram per liter (mg/L) of water. Under EPA guidelines, if 90% of a water system’s study samples have a lead concentration less than .015 mg/L, the water is considered safe for drinking. I (coauthor Sincich) received a recent report on a study of lead levels in the drinking water of homes in my subdivision. The 90th percentile of the study sample had a lead concentration of .00372 mg/L. Are water customers in my subdivision at risk of drinking water with unhealthy lead levels? Explain.
Question: Performance of stock screeners.Refer to the American Association of Individual Investors (AAII) statistics on stock screeners, Exercise 2.44 (p. 95). Annualized percentage return on investment (as compared to the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index) for 13 randomly selected stock screeners are reproduced in the table.
(9.0, -.1, -1.6, 14.6, 16.0, 7.7, 19.9, 9.8, 3.2, 24.8, 17.6, 10.7, 9.1)
a.Find the range of the data for the 13 stock screeners. Give the units of measurement for the range.
b.Find the variance of the data for the 13 stock screeners. If possible, give the units of measurement for the variance.
c.Find the standard deviation of the data for the 13 stock screeners. Give the units of measurement for the standard deviation
Question: Permeability of sandstone during weathering.Refer to the Geographical Analysis(Vol. 42, 2010) study of the decay properties of sandstone when exposed to the weather, Exercise 2.47 (p. 96). Recall that slices of sandstone blocks were tested for permeability under three conditions: no exposure to any type of weathering (A), repeatedly sprayed with a 10% salt solution (B), and soaked in a 10% salt solution and dried (C). Measures of variation for the permeability measurements (mV) of each sandstone group are displayed in the accompanying Minitab printout.
Descriptive Statistics: PermA, PermB, PermC | ||||||
Variable | N | StDev. | Variance | Minimum | Maximum | Range |
PermA | 100 | 14.48 | 209.53 | 55.20 | 122.40 | 67.20 |
PermB | 100 | 21.97 | 482.75 | 50.40 | 150.00 | 99.60 |
PermC | 100 | 20.05 | 401.94 | 52.20 | 129.00 | 76.80 |
a.Find the range of the permeability measurements for Group A sandstone slices. Verify its value using the minimum and maximum values shown on the printout.
b.Find the standard deviation of the permeability measurements for Group A sandstone slices. Verify its value using the variance shown on the printout.
c.Which condition (A, B, or C) has the more variable permeability data?
Business marketing publications.Business-to-business marketing describes the field of marketing between multiple business entities. The Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing (Vol. 15, 2008) produced a pie chart describing the number of business-to-business marketing articles published in all journals, by topical area, between 1971 and 2006. The data used to produce the pie chart are shown in the table.
Area | Number |
Global Marketing Sales Management Buyer Behavior Relationships Innovation Marketing Strategy Channels/Distribution Marketing Research Services | 235 494 478 498 398 280 213 131 136 |
Total | 2,863 |
a.Compute the relative frequencies for the nine topical areas shown in the table. Interpret the relative frequency for Buyer Behavior.
b.Use the relative frequencies, part a, to construct a pie chart for the data. Why is the slice for Marketing Research smaller than the slice for Sales Management?
Compute xbar, s2, and sfor each of the following data sets. If appropriate, specify the units in which your answer is expressed.
a.3, 1, 10, 10, 4
b.8 feet, 10 feet, 32 feet, 5 feet
c.-1, -4, -3, 1, -4, -4
d.1/5 ounce, 1/5 ounce, 1/5 ounce, 2/5 ounce, 1/5 ounce, 4/5 ounce
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