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In Exercises 91-100, sketch a graph of the function and determine whether it is even, odd, or neither. Verify your answers algebraically. \(f(x) = -9\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The graph of the function \(f(x) = -9\) is a horizontal line at \(y = -9\). The function is neither even nor odd.

Step by step solution

01

Draw the Graph of the Function

This function is simply a horizontal line at \(y = -9\). For any value of \(x\), the output will always be -9.
02

Determine the Nature of Function

An even function is a function for which the following holds: \(f(-x) = f(x)\). An odd function is a function for which this holds: \(f(-x) = -f(x)\). To determine whether given function is even, odd, or neither, substitute \(-x\) in place of \(x\) in \(f(x)\). With \(f(x) = -9\), we can see that \(f(-x) = -9\), so the function is neither even nor odd.
03

Verify the Nature Algebraically

For even functions, \(f(x) = f(-x)\). Substitute \(x\) and \(-x\) into the equation and check whether the equation holds. For the given function, we have \(f(x) = -9\) and \(f(-x) = -9\). Hence, the function is not even. For odd functions, if \(f(-x) = -f(x)\) holds, then the function is odd. Substitute \(x\) and \(-x\) into the equation, we have \(f(x) = -9\), but \(f(-x) \neq 9\), so the function is not odd. Therefore, the function \(f(x) = -9\) is neither even nor odd.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Graphing Functions
Understanding how to graph functions is fundamental in visualizing mathematical concepts and aids in analyzing the behavior of various types of functions. When you're asked to graph a function such as f(x) = -9, it's important to recognize that this represents a horizontal line.

Why a horizontal line? It's because no matter what value of x you choose, the output, or y-value, will always be -9. Graphing this function involves plotting several points with y as -9 and connecting these points to form a straight line. This line extends infinitely in both the positive and negative directions along the x-axis.
Horizontal Line Equation
The horizontal line equation has a very simple form: y = b, where b is a constant. This equation tells us that for any x-value, the y-value will stay the same, creating a line parallel to the x-axis.

To graph f(x) = -9, which is a horizontal line, simply plot points where the y-value is -9. It does not matter if x is 0, 5, or -3, the y-value remains -9. This independence from the x-value is what makes the horizontal line special in the family of linear equations.
Algebraic Verification
Algebraically verifying the nature of a function is an analytical approach to understanding its properties without solely relying on graphs. For a function like f(x) = -9, we perform a substitution to check if the function is even, odd, or neither.

An even function satisfies the condition f(-x) = f(x), which means that the function is symmetric about the y-axis. For an odd function, the condition f(-x) = -f(x) indicates symmetry about the origin. In this case, substituting -x for x gives us f(-x) = -9, which is the same as f(x). Satisfying neither the even nor odd function condition, we conclude that the function f(x) = -9 is neither even nor odd.
Function Symmetry
Function symmetry refers to whether a function's graph is mirrored across an axis or rotated around the origin. Even functions exhibit symmetry across the y-axis, looking the same on both sides. Odd functions have rotational symmetry of 180 degrees about the origin, implying that rotating the graph halfway around the origin lands it back on itself.

The function f(x) = -9, when graphed, produces a horizontal line, which is not symmetrical about the y-axis, nor does it have rotational symmetry. Therefore, it does not display the typical symmetry associated with even or odd functions. Recognizing this, we can confidently state that the function does not conform to the conventional definitions of symmetry for even or odd functions.

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