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Give all solutions of each nonlinear system of equations, including those with nonreal complex components. $$\begin{aligned} &3 x^{2}+5 y^{2}=17\\\ &2 x^{2}-3 y^{2}=5 \end{aligned}$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
Solutions: (2, 1), (-2, 1), (2, -1), (-2, -1)

Step by step solution

01

Identify the given system of equations

The given system of equations is as follows: 1. \(3x^2 + 5y^2 = 17\)2. \(2x^2 - 3y^2 = 5\)
02

Multiply equations to eliminate one of the variables

To eliminate one variable, multiply the first equation by 2 and the second equation by 3 to make the coefficients of \(x^2\) the same. Then, subtract one from the other:1. \(6x^2 + 10y^2 = 34\)2. \(6x^2 - 9y^2 = 15\)Subtract the second equation from the first: \(6x^2 + 10y^2 - (6x^2 - 9y^2) = 34 - 15\) \(6x^2 + 10y^2 - 6x^2 + 9y^2 = 19 \) \(19y^2 = 19\) \ (y^2 = 1) \
03

Solve for y

From \(y^2 = 1\), we get \(y = \pm 1\).
04

Substitute y back into the original equations

Substitute \(y = 1\) and \(y = -1\) back into any of the original equations to solve for \(x\): Let's use \(3x^2 + 5y^2 = 17\):1. For \(y = 1\): \(3x^2 + 5(1^2) = 17 \) \(3x^2 + 5 = 17 \) \(3x^2 = 12 \) \(x^2 = 4 \) \(x = \pm 2 \) 2. For \(y = -1\): \(3x^2 + 5(-1^2) = 17 \) \(3x^2 + 5 = 17 \) \ (similar steps to the previous case) \
05

List all combinations

List all the pairs \(x, y\): For \(x = 2\), \(y = 1\): \( (2, 1) \)For \(x = -2\), \(y = 1\): \( (-2, 1) \)For \(x = 2\), \(y = -1\): \( (2, -1) \)For \(x = -2\), \(y = -1\): \( (-2, -1) \)

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

complex solutions
When solving nonlinear systems of equations, we must consider both real and complex solutions. Complex solutions arise when the equations have solutions that include imaginary numbers. Imaginary numbers are multiples of the imaginary unit, denoted as 饾憱, which is defined by the property that 饾憱虏 = -1.
To solve nonlinear systems with complex solutions, we often need to solve equations in forms that yield imaginary numbers, especially when dealing with quadratic terms. Complex solutions are crucial in many fields, including engineering and physics, as they can represent phenomena that real numbers alone cannot fully describe.
In our given problem, all solutions turned out to be real, but always be ready to incorporate imaginary units if the steps were to lead to negative values under square roots.
solving nonlinear equations
Nonlinear equations differ from linear ones as they involve variables raised to powers higher than one or those that include products of variables. Solving nonlinear equations can be trickier because they don't produce straight lines on a graph, but rather curves and other shapes.
Common methods for solving them include:
  • Graphical methods, where you plot the equations and look for points of intersection.
  • Algebraic methods, such as substitution or elimination.
For our exercise, we engaged in algebraic methods. The key is to manipulate the equations such that we can isolate variables and solve for them step by step.
Remember, nonlinear systems can have multiple solutions, no solutions, or even infinitely many solutions depending on the nature of their curves and intersections.
substitution method
The substitution method is a technique where you solve one equation for a variable and then substitute that expression into another equation. This reduces the system to a single-variable equation, making it easier to solve.
Steps involved in the substitution method:
  • Solve one of the equations for one of the variables.
  • Substitute the resulting expression into the other equation.
  • Solve the simplified equation.
  • Substitute back to find the other variable.
In our exercise, we did not directly use the substitution method. Instead, the elimination method was more efficient. However, substitution is useful in many problems where isolating one variable early simplifies the process.
elimination method
The elimination method involves combining the equations in a way that eliminates one variable, allowing you to solve for the others. This is particularly useful for systems of equations.
Steps to follow in the elimination method:
  • Multiply one or both equations by necessary constants to make the coefficients of one variable the same.
  • Add or subtract the equations to eliminate one variable.
  • Solve the resulting single-variable equation.
  • Substitute back into one of the original equations to find the remaining variable.
In our exercise, we multiplied the equations to align the coefficients of \(x^2\), then subtracted one equation from the other to eliminate \(x^2\), simplifying our system. This process allowed us to find \(y\) easily, which we then used to find \(x\).
Utilizing elimination in this way can streamline solving complex systems efficiently and clearly.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Use Cramer's rule to solve each system of equations. If \(D=0,\) use another method to determine the solution set. $$\begin{aligned} 3 x-2 y+4 z &=1 \\ 4 x+y-5 z &=2 \\ -6 x+4 y-8 z &=-2 \end{aligned}$$

Solve each problem. Yogurt sells three types of yogurt: nonfat, regular, and super creamy, at three locations. Location I sells 50 gal of nonfat, 100 gal of regular, and 30 gal of super creamy each day. Location II sells 10 gal of nonfat, and Location III sells 60 gal of nonfat each day. Daily sales of regular yogurt are 90 gal at Location II and 120 gal at Location III. At Location II, 50 gal of super creamy are sold each day, and 40 gal of super creamy are sold each day at Location III. (a) Write a \(3 \times 3\) matrix that shows the sales figures for the three locations, with the rows representing the three locations. (b) The incomes per gallon for nonfat, regular, and super creamy are \(\$ 12, \$ 10,\) and \(\$ 15,\) respectively. Write a \(1 \times 3\) or \(3 \times 1\) matrix displaying the incomes. (c) Find a matrix product that gives the daily income at each of the three locations. (d) What is Yagel's Yogurt's total daily income from the three locations?

Concept Check Write a system of inequalities for which the graph is the region in the first quadrant inside and including the circle with radius 2 centered at the origin, and above (not including) the line that passes through the points \((0,-1)\) and \((2,2)\)

$$ A=\left[\begin{array}{ll} a_{11} & a_{12} \\ a_{21} & a_{22} \end{array}\right], \quad B=\left[\begin{array}{ll} b_{11} & b_{12} \\ b_{21} & b_{22} \end{array}\right], \quad \text { and } \quad C=\left[\begin{array}{ll} c_{11} & c_{12} \\ c_{21} & c_{22} \end{array}\right] $$ where all the elements are real numbers. Use these matrices to show that each statement is true for \(2 \times 2\) matrices. \(A(B+C)=A B+A C\) (distributive property)

Find the equation of the circle passing through the given points. $$(2,1),(-1,0), \text { and }(3,3)$$

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