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Use the graphical method to find all solutions of the system of equations, rounded to two decimal places. $$\left\\{\begin{array}{l} x^{2}+y^{2}=25 \\ x+3 y=2 \end{array}\right.$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The solutions are approximately \((3.85, -0.62)\) and \((-4.85, 2.95)\).

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Equations

The first equation, \(x^2 + y^2 = 25\), represents a circle centered at the origin with a radius of 5. The second equation, \(x + 3y = 2\), represents a straight line.
02

Rearrange the Linear Equation

Solve the equation \(x + 3y = 2\) for \(y\) in terms of \(x\). Rearranging gives: \(y = \frac{2-x}{3}\).
03

Graph the Circle

Plot the circle \(x^2 + y^2 = 25\) on a graph. This is a circle with center at (0,0) and radius 5. It includes points such as (5, 0), (-5, 0), (0, 5), and (0, -5).
04

Graph the Line

Plot the line \(y = \frac{2-x}{3}\) on the same graph. You can find points by substituting values for \(x\): for \(x = 0\), \(y = \frac{2}{3}\); for \(x = 2\), \(y = 0\), and so on.
05

Identify Points of Intersection

Locate the intersections of the circle and the line on the graph. The points where these graphs intersect are the solutions to the system of equations.
06

Determine Exact Intersection Points

The graph shows two intersection points. Calculate the exact coordinates algebraically by substituting \(y = \frac{2-x}{3}\) into \(x^2 + y^2 = 25\). This substitution leads to a quadratic equation. Solve it to find the exact \(x\) values.
07

Calculate the Corresponding y-values

Once you have the \(x\) values, substitute them back into \(y = \frac{2-x}{3}\) to find the corresponding \(y\) values.
08

Round the Results

Round both the \(x\) and \(y\) coordinates of the intersection points to two decimal places to get the final solutions.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Graphical Method
The graphical method is a visual way to solve systems of equations by plotting them on a graph and finding their points of intersection. This technique is particularly useful when dealing with combinations of different types of equations, such as linear and nonlinear equations.
For the problem in front of us, we have a circle equation and a linear equation. By plotting each equation on the Cartesian plane, the solution to the system is where the graph of the circle intersects with the graph of the line. Each intersection represents a pair of \((x, y)\)x coordinates that satisfy both equations simultaneously. By visually identifying these intersection points, one can directly observe the solutions without solving algebraically first. However, while this method gives an initial estimation of solutions, further steps may be needed for precise calculations.
Circle Equation
When you come across a circle equation like \(x^2 + y^2 = 25\), you're looking at a standard form of a circle centered at the origin \((0,0)\). Here's what you need to know about circle equations:
  • The general form of a circle equation is \(x^2 + y^2 = r^2\).
  • In this equation, \(r\) represents the radius of the circle.
  • For our equation, \(r^2 = 25\), which means \(r = 5\).
This circle will pass through several points, such as \((5, 0), (-5, 0), (0, 5), \) and \((0, -5)\).
These are points on the axes which help easily graph the circle on a coordinate plane.
Linear Equation
A linear equation like \(x + 3y = 2\) represents a straight line on a graph. Here’s how you can handle it:
  • The standard form of a linear equation is \(y = mx + b\). Rearrange to match this format if needed.
  • From \(x + 3y = 2\), solve for \(y\) to get \(y = \frac{2-x}{3}\).
  • In this equation, \(m\) is the slope and will dictate the line's angle. For our rearranged equation, the slope \(m = -\frac{1}{3}\), indicating a downward slant.
  • The constant term \(b\) in \(y = mx + b\) is \(\frac{2}{3}\), representing the y-intercept, where the line crosses the y-axis.
Plotting such a line involves choosing values for \(x\), finding corresponding \(y\) values, and drawing the through the points.
Intersection Points
Intersection points are the coordinates where two equations meet or overlap on a graph. For the given system of a circle and a line, finding these intersection points means finding the solutions to the system.
Once both the circle and the line are graphed, these points can be identified visually.
To find their exact values, algebraic manipulation is often necessary. Here's how calculations help:
  • Substitute the linear equation \(y = \frac{2-x}{3}\) into the circle equation \(x^2 + y^2 = 25\).
  • This substitution results in a quadratic equation in terms of \(x\).
  • Solve this quadratic, using methods like factoring or the quadratic formula, to find one or more \(x\) coordinates.
  • With each \(x\) value, find the accompanying \(y\) by substituting back into \(y = \frac{2-x}{3}\).
Finally, round these coordinates to two decimal places to get precise solutions, reflecting their most accurate intersection points.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Polynomials Determined by a Set of Points We all know that two points uniquely determine a line \(y=a x+b\) in the coordinate plane. Similarly, three points uniquely determine a quadratic (second-degree) polynomial $$y=a x^{2}+b x+c$$ four points uniquely determine a cubic (third-degree) polynomial $$y=a x^{3}+b x^{2}+c x+d$$ and so on. (Some exceptions to this rule are if the three points actually lie on a line, or the four points lie on a quadratic or line, and so on.) For the following set of five points, find the line that contains the first two points, the quadratic that contains the first three points, the cubic that contains the first four points, and the fourth-degree polynomial that contains all five points. $$(0,0), \quad(1,12), \quad(2,40), \quad(3,6), \quad(-1,-14)$$ Graph the points and functions in the same viewing rectangle using a graphing device.

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Use Cramer's Rule to solve the system. $$\left\\{\begin{aligned} 2 x-5 y &=4 \\ x+y-z &=8 \\ 3 x &+5 z=0 \end{aligned}\right.$$

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