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Compensation A certain company rewards its employees with annual bonuses that grow with the number of years the employee remains with the company. At the end of the first full year of employment, an employee's bonus is \(\$ 1000 .\) At the end of each full year beyond the first, the employee receives \(\$ 1000\) plus \(50 \%\) of the previous year's bonus. (a) What bonuses does an employee receive after each of the first four full years of employment? (b) For \(n \geq 0,\) let \(b_{n}\) be the bonus received after \(n\) full years of employment. Define \(b_{n}\) recursively.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The bonuses for the first four years are \$1000, \$1500, \$1750, \$1875 respectively. The recursive formula to calculate the bonus for any year is given by \( b_{n} = 1000 + 0.5 * b_{n-1} \) for \( n > 1 \) and \( b_{n} = 1000 \) for \( n = 1 \).

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the Bonuses for the First Four Years

For the first year, the bonus is given by \$1000 according to the problem. From the second year, the bonus will be \$1000 plus 50% of the previous year's bonus. For year 2, this would be \$1000 + 0.5 * \$1000 = \$1500. Similarly for year 3: \$1000 + 0.5 * \$1500 = \$1750. And for year 4: \$1000 + 0.5 * \$1750 = \$1875.
02

Define the Recursive Formula

The recursive relation can be derived from the pattern in the bonuses. Each year's bonus is \$1000 plus 50% of the previous year's bonus. Formally, the sequence \( b_{n} \) can be defined as follows: if \( n = 1, b_{n} = 1000 \). For \( n > 1, b_{n} = 1000 + 0.5 * b_{n-1} \).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Geometric Progression
Understanding geometric progression is crucial in solving problems related to patterns and sequences. In essence, a geometric progression is a sequence of numbers where each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous term by a fixed, non-zero number called the common ratio.
For instance, in the context of employee bonuses, if the bonuses were increasing each year by a fixed percentage, much like a geometric progression, we would calculate each subsequent bonus by multiplying the previous bonus by this percentage, or common ratio.
A geometric sequence might look like: 2, 4, 8, 16, ... where each term increases by multiplying the previous term by 2. This common ratio is a key feature of geometric processes.
In our employee compensation problem, the 50% increase of the previous year’s bonus is not a perfect geometric progression since a fixed amount is added each year before applying the increase. However, understanding the concept of geometric progressions helps in comparing and developing recursive or other sequences, which can describe similar but more complex patterns.
Mathematical Induction
Mathematical induction is a powerful method often used to prove statements or formulas that are proposed for every natural number. It works somewhat like dominoes; if you can show one statement leads to another, you can prove a whole series of statements true.
To apply mathematical induction, you generally follow two main steps:
  • Base Case: Prove that the statement is true for the first natural number, usually 0 or 1. This step is fundamental and confirms that our statement works at the start.
  • Inductive Step: Show that if the statement is true for some natural number 'n', then it is also true for 'n+1'. This ensures that the truth of the statement carries forward through all natural numbers.
In our context, after defining the recursive formula for bonuses, one might use mathematical induction to prove that this formula accurately predicts the bonus amount for any year 'n' of employment.
Establishing both the base case and inductive step allows us to confidently generalize our pattern across many years.
Employee Compensation
Employer compensation, such as bonuses, is a crucial motivational element in many companies. In this scenario, the bonus structure where the first year's bonus is fixed at $1000 provides a base incentive. Each subsequent year, a bonus increases due to the 50% increment over the previous year's bonus.
This type of increment can serve multiple purposes in a company setting:
  • It rewards loyalty and long-term commitment to the company.
  • It creates a competitive compensation package that attracts and retains talented employees.
  • It adjusts for inflation and increases in living costs over time.
The calculated bonuses over the first few years illustrate how even small incremental increases can result in noticeable increases over time. By year four, the employee's bonus grows from $1000 to $1875 just through these structured increases.
While not a direct example of a geometric progression, this type of increment builds over time and benefits both the employee and employer by fostering a rewarding and stable work environment.

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