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Cube each complex number. (a) \(-1+\sqrt{3} i\) (b) \(-1-\sqrt{3} i\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Cube of \(-1+\sqrt{3} i\) is \(1-\sqrt{3}i\), (b) Cube of \(-1-\sqrt{3} i\) is \(1+\sqrt{3}i\).

Step by step solution

01

Cubing the first Complex Number

Start with the first complex number \(-1 + \sqrt{3} i\). To cube this, replicate it three times and multiply: \[ (-1 + \sqrt{3} i)^3 = (-1 + \sqrt{3} i)(-1 + \sqrt{3} i)(-1 + \sqrt{3} i)\] Using the FOIL method (i.e., multiplying the 'First' terms, the 'Outer' terms, the 'Inner' terms, and the 'Last' terms), and recalling that \(i^2 = -1\), simplify the equation.
02

Calculating the First Cube

Simplify the above equation: \[(-1 + \sqrt{3} i)^3 = -1 - \sqrt{3} i - \sqrt{3} i +3 -1 +\sqrt{3} i + \sqrt{3} i -3 = -1 - \sqrt{3} i +2 = 1 - \sqrt{3} i . \]
03

Cubing the Second Complex Number

Repeat the process with the second complex number \(-1 - \sqrt{3} i\): \[(-1 - \sqrt{3} i)^3 = (-1 - \sqrt{3} i)(-1 - \sqrt{3} i)(-1 - \sqrt{3} i).\] Again, utilize the FOIL method and \(i^2 = -1\) to simplify.
04

Calculating the Second Cube

Simplify the above equation: \[(-1 - \sqrt{3} i)^3 = -1 +\sqrt{3} i - \sqrt{3} i + 3 -1 - \sqrt{3} i - \sqrt{3} i + 3 = -1 + \sqrt{3} i + 2 = 1 + \sqrt{3} i. \]

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