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Mathematical operations are the building blocks of equations and expressions. They include basic actions like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Each of these operations has specific keywords that often appear in word problems. These keywords help to identify which operation is needed.
For example, keywords like 'sum’, 'add', or 'increase by' indicate addition, whereas 'difference', 'subtract', or 'decrease by' imply subtraction.

• Addition: Combining two or more quantities.
• Subtraction: Finding the difference between two numbers.
• Multiplication: Finding the product of numbers.
• Division: Splitting a number into equal parts.

Recognizing these keywords makes it easier to translate word problems into mathematical expressions.

Subtraction is an essential mathematical operation used to find the difference between two numbers. In simple terms, it involves taking one number away from another. The symbol used for subtraction is -.
The number from which we subtract is called the 'minuend,' and the number that is being subtracted is the 'subtrahend.' The result of subtraction is referred to as the ‘difference’. For example, in the expression \(8 - 3\), 8 is the minuend, 3 is the subtrahend, and the result or difference is 5.
Understanding subtraction involves more than just performing the operation. It requires recognizing scenarios where subtraction applies, such as when comparing quantities, measuring distances, or determining change.

Word problems are questions presented in a narrative form that require mathematical operations to solve. These problems help students apply math to real-life situations and improve their problem-solving skills.
To tackle word problems effectively, one should follow these steps:

• Read the problem carefully to understand the scenario and what is being asked.
• Identify the numbers involved and their relationships, which helps in deciding which mathematical operation(s) to apply.
• Look for keywords that hint at specific operations, such as 'difference' for subtraction or 'total' for addition.
• Translate the problem into a mathematical expression or equation.
• Solve the equation step-by-step to find the answer.

Practicing word problems boosts analytical thinking and allows students to see how math is relevant in daily life.