/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 9 Gesucht ist eine Potenzreihendar... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91Ó°ÊÓ

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Gesucht ist eine Potenzreihendarstellung der Form \(\left(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} a_{n} x^{n}\right)\) zu der Funktion $$ f(x)=\frac{\mathrm{e}^{x}}{1-x}, \quad x \in \mathbb{R} \backslash\\{1\\} $$ (a) Zeigen Sie \(a_{n}=\sum_{k=0}^{n} \frac{1}{k !}\). (b) Für welche \(x \in \mathbb{R}\) konvergiert die Potenzreihe?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Question: Prove that \(a_{n}=\sum_{k=0}^{n} \frac{1}{k !}\) for the power series representation of the function \(f(x)=\frac{\mathrm{e}^{x}}{1-x}\) and determine the range of x for which the power series converges. Answer: The proof for \(a_{n}=\sum_{k=0}^{n} \frac{1}{k !}\) can be derived by multiplying the power series representation of \(\mathrm{e}^{x}\) and the power series representation of \(\frac{1}{1-x}\), then using Cauchy's product to determine the coefficients of the resulting power series. The range of x for which the power series converges is given by \(x \in (-1,1)\), as determined through the convergence of the geometric series and ratio test.

Step by step solution

01

(a) Proof of \(a_{n}=\sum_{k=0}^{n} \frac{1}{k !}\)

First, let's find the power series representation for \(\mathrm{e}^{x}\), which is: $$\mathrm{e}^{x} = \sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\frac{x^k}{k!}$$ Next, we need to find the power series representation for \(\frac{1}{1-x}\). This is a geometric series with a common ratio x: $$\frac{1}{1-x}=\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} x^k$$ Now, let us obtain the power series for the function \(f(x)\). To do that, we need to multiply both power series: $$f(x)=\frac{\mathrm{e}^{x}}{1-x} = \left(\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\frac{x^k}{k!}\right)\left(\sum_{j=0}^{\infty} x^j\right)$$ To find the coefficient to \(x^n\), we will multiply the terms of the power x and sum the coefficients. In other words, we will use the Cauchy's product: $$a_n=\sum_{k=0}^{n}\frac{1}{k!}$$
02

(b) Convergence of the power series

To determine the range of x for which the power series converges, we can use the radius of convergence. Let's analyze the convergence of \(\frac{1}{1-x}\), which is a geometric series: The geometric series \(\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} x^k\) converges if and only if \(|x| < 1\). That means the power series converges for \(-1<x<1\). Now let's analyze the convergence of the power series of \(\mathrm{e}^{x}\), which is given by the ratio test: $$\lim_{k\to\infty}\left|\frac{a_{k+1}}{a_{k}}\right| = \lim_{k\to\infty}\left|\frac{\frac{x^{k+1}}{(k+1)!}}{\frac{x^k}{k!}}\right| = \lim_{k\to\infty}\left|\frac{k!}{(k+1)!}x\right| = \lim_{k\to\infty}\left|\frac{x}{k+1}\right|$$ Since the limit is 0 for every x, the power series of \(\mathrm{e}^{x}\) converges for every \(x\in \mathbb{R}\). As the function f(x) will be a product of both power series, we must consider both convergence ranges. So, since the power series converges for \(-1<x<1\), their product will converge for the same range. Thus, the power series representation of \(f(x)\) converges for \(x \in (-1,1)\).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Berechnen Sie eine Potenzreihendarstellung der rationalen Funktion $$ f(z)=\frac{1+z^{3}}{2-z}, \quad z \in \mathbb{C} \backslash\\{2\\} $$ indem Sie die geometrische Reihe verwenden.

Berechnen Sie mit dem Taschenrechner die Differenz \(\sin (\sinh (x))-\sinh (\sin (x))\) für \(x \in\\{0.1,0.01,0.001\\}\) Erklären Sie diese Beobachtung, indem Sie das erste Glied der Potenzreihenentwicklung dieser Differenz um den Entwicklungspunkt 0 bestimmen.

Zeigen Sie die Formel von Moivre, $$ (\cos \varphi+\mathrm{i} \sin \varphi)^{n}=\cos (n \varphi)+\mathrm{i} \sin (n \varphi) $$ für alle \(\varphi \in \mathbb{R}, n \in \mathbb{Z}\). Benutzen Sie diese Formel, um di Identität $$ \cos (2 n \varphi)=\sum_{k=0}^{n}(-1)^{k}\left(\begin{array}{c} 2 n \\ 2 k \end{array}\right) \cos ^{2(n-k)}(\varphi) \sin ^{2 k}(\varphi) $$ für alle \(\varphi \in \mathbb{R}, n \in \mathbb{N}_{0}\) zu beweisen.

Handelt es sich bei den folgenden für \(z \in \mathbb{C}\) definierten Reihen um Potenzreihen? Falls ja, wie lautet die Koeffizientenfolge und wie der Entwicklungspunkt? (a) \(\left(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{3^{n}}{n !} \frac{1}{z^{n}}\right)\) (b) \(\left(\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{n(x-1)^{n}}{z^{2}}\right)\) (c) \(\left(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \sum_{j=0}^{n} \frac{1}{n !}\left(\begin{array}{l}n \\ j\end{array}\right) z^{j}\right)\) (d) \(\left(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} x^{2 n} \cos z\right)\)

Bestimmen Sie den Konvergenzradius und den Konvergenzkreis der folgenden Potenzreihen. (a) \(\left(\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \frac{(k !)^{4}}{(4 k) !} z^{k}\right)\) (b) \(\left(\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} n^{n}(z-2)^{n}\right)\) (c) \(\left(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{n+\mathrm{i}}{(\sqrt{2} \mathrm{i})^{n}}\left(\begin{array}{c}2 n \\ n\end{array}\right) z^{2 n}\right)\) (d) \(\left(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{(2+\mathrm{i})^{n}-\mathrm{i}}{\mathrm{i}^{n}}(z+\mathrm{i})^{n}\right)\)

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