Chapter 1: Problem 17
Let \(A\) and \(B\) be \(n \times n\) matrices and let \(C=A-B\) Show that if \(A \mathbf{x}_{0}=B \mathbf{x}_{0}\) and \(\mathbf{x}_{0} \neq \mathbf{0},\) then \(C\) must be singular.
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Chapter 1: Problem 17
Let \(A\) and \(B\) be \(n \times n\) matrices and let \(C=A-B\) Show that if \(A \mathbf{x}_{0}=B \mathbf{x}_{0}\) and \(\mathbf{x}_{0} \neq \mathbf{0},\) then \(C\) must be singular.
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Given the linear systems \\[ (a) \quad x_{1}+2 x_{2}=2 \quad (b) \quad3 x_{1}+7 x_{2}=8 \quad 3 x_{1}+7 x_{2}=7 \\] solve both systems by incorporating the right-hand sides into a \(2 \times 2\) matrix \(\mathrm{B}\) and computing the reduced row echelon form of \\[ (A | B)=\left(\begin{array}{ll|ll} 1 & 2 & 2 & 1 \\ 3 & 7 & 8 & 7 \end{array}\right) \\]
An \(n \times n\) matrix \(A\) is said to be an involution if \(A^{2}=I .\) Show that if \(G\) is any matrix of the form \\[ G=\left(\begin{array}{rr} \cos \theta & \sin \theta \\ \sin \theta & -\cos \theta \end{array}\right) \\] then \(G\) is an involution.
For each of the choices of \(A\) and \(\mathbf{b}\) that follow, determine whether the system \(A \mathbf{x}=\mathbf{b}\) is consistent by examining how b relates to the column vectors of A. Explain your answers in each case. (a) \(A=\left[\begin{array}{rr}2 & 1 \\ -2 & -1\end{array}\right], \quad \mathbf{b}=\left[\begin{array}{l}3 \\ 1\end{array}\right]\) (b) \(A=\left[\begin{array}{ll}1 & 4 \\ 2 & 3\end{array}\right], \quad \mathbf{b}=\left[\begin{array}{l}5 \\ 5\end{array}\right]\) (c) \(A=\left[\begin{array}{lll}3 & 2 & 1 \\ 3 & 2 & 1 \\ 3 & 2 & 1\end{array}\right], \quad \mathbf{b}=\left[\begin{array}{r}1 \\ 0 \\\ -1\end{array}\right]\)
Find nonzero \(2 \times 2\) matrices \(A\) and \(B\) such that \(A B=O\).
If \(A=\left(\begin{array}{rr}2 & 1 \\ 6 & 3 \\ -2 & 4\end{array}\right) \quad\) and \(\quad B=\left(\begin{array}{ll}2 & 4 \\ 1 & 6\end{array}\right)\) verify that (a) \(3(A B)=(3 A) B=A(3 B)\) (b) \((A B)^{T}=B^{T} A^{T}\)
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