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Let A be a 4 脳 3 matrix, and letband c be two vectors in 4. We are told that the systemrole="math" localid="1659341825668" Ax=b has a unique solution. What can you say about the number of solutions of the systemAx=c ?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The system Ax=cwill have a unique solution, if the system Ax=bhas unique solution.

Step by step solution

01

Consider the system.

A matrix in reduced row echelon form is used to solve systems of linear equations. There are four prerequisites for the reduced row echelon form:

  • The number 1 is the first non-zero integer in the first row (the leading entry).
  • The second row begins with the number 1, which is more to the right than the first row's leading item. The number 1 must be further to the right in each consecutive row.
  • Each row's first item must be the sole non-zero number in its column.
  • Any rows that are not zero are pushed to the bottom of the matrix.

A is a 4 脳 3 matrix, and bandc are two vectors in 4and the system Ax=bhas a unique solution.

02

Consider the reduced row-echelon form.

As the system Ax=bhas unique solution, thus, the reduced row-echelon form of the matrix A will be,

100010001000

Thus, if Ax=bhas a unique solution, then Ax=cwill have unique solution.

03

Final answer.

As the system Ax=bhas unique solution, thus, the system role="math" localid="1659342182678" Ax=cwill have unique solution.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Find the polynomial f(t) of degree 3 such that f(1)=(1),f(2)=5,f'(1)=2,and f'(2)=9, where f'(t) is the derivative of f(t). Graph this polynomial.

Consider a solutionx1of the linear systemAx=b. Justify the facts stated in parts (a) and (b):

a. Ifxhis a solution of the systemAx=0, thenx1+xh is a solution of the systemA=x=b.

b. Ifx2is another solution of the systemAx=b, thenx1+xhis a solution of the system Ax+0.

c. Now suppose A is a22matrix. A solution vectorx1of the systemAx+bis shown in the accompanying figure. We are told that the solutions of the systemAx=0form the line shown in the sketch. Draw the line consisting of all solutions of the systemAx=b.

If you are puzzled by the generality of this problem, think about an example first:

A=(1鈥呪赌呪赌呪赌23鈥呪赌呪赌呪赌6),b=[39]andx1=[11]

If A is a non-zero matrix of the form [a-bba],then the rank of A must be 2.

Cubic splines. Suppose you are in charge of the design of a roller coaster ride. This simple ride will not make any left or right turns; that is, the track lies in a vertical plane. The accompanying figure shows the ride as viewed from the side. The points (ai,bj)are given to you, and your job is to connect the dots in a reasonably smooth way. Let ai+1>aifori=0,......,n-1.

One method often employed in such design problems is the technique of cubic splines. We choose fi(t), a polynomial of degree 3, to define the shape of the ride between (ai-1,bi-1)and (ai,bj),fori=0,.....,n.

Obviously, it is required that fi(ai)=biand fi(ai-1)=bi-1,fori=0,.......,n. To guarantee a smooth ride at the points (ai,bi), we want the first and second derivatives of fiand fi+1to agree at these points:

f'i(ai)=f'i+1(ai)and

f''i(ai)=f''i+1(ai),fori=0,.......,n-1.

Explain the practical significance of these conditions. Explain why, for the convenience of the riders, it is also required that

f'1(a0)=f'n(an)=0

Show that satisfying all these conditions amounts to solving a system of linear equations. How many variables are in this system? How many equations? (Note: It can be shown that this system has a unique solution.)

Determine whether the statements that follow are true or false, and justify your answer.

15: The systemAx=[0001]inconsistent for all 43matrices A.

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