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Chapter 1: Q. 40 (page 52)

Design an experiment. Identify the explanatory and response variables. Describe the population being studied and the experimental units. Explain the treatments that will be used and how they will be assigned to the experimental units. Describe how blinding and placebos may be used to counter the power of suggestion.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The disruption in driving caused by texting will be the explanatory variable, and the response variable will be the amount of seconds it takes for drivers to reply.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction

It's easy to tell the difference between explanatory and response variables: The intended cause is an explanatory variable that explains the outcomes. A response variable is the expected effect, and it responds to other variables.

02

Explanation

ExperimenttoseeifthenumberofhoursspentstudyingaffectsSATstudents'examscores.
Numberofstudyhoursisanexplanatoryvariable.
Examscoreisaresponsevariable.
StudentswhohavetakentheSAT
100SAT students were chosen as experimental units.
Treatment:
Variousamountofhours:
2hours, 4hours, and 6hours are the lengths of time available.
The examiner is blinded as to which student spent how many hours studying.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Table 1.26 contains the total number of deaths worldwide as a result of earthquakes from 2000 to 2012.

Use Table 1.26 to answer the following questions.

  1. What is the proportion of deaths between 2007 and 2012?
  2. What percent of deaths occurred before 2001?
  3. What is the percent of deaths that occurred in 2003 or after 2010?
  4. What is the fraction of deaths that happened before 2012?
  5. What kind of data is the number of deaths?
  6. Earthquakes are quantified according to the amount of energy they produce (examples are 2.1, 5.0, 6.7). What type of data is that?
  7. What contributed to the large number of deaths in 2010? In 2004? Explain.

A study was done to determine the age, number of times per week, and the duration (amount of time) of residents using a local park in San Antonio, Texas. The first house in the neighborhood around the park was selected randomly, and then the resident of every eighth house in the neighborhood around the park was interviewed.

The sampling method was

a. simple random; b. systematic; c. stratified; d. cluster

Suppose you want to determine the mean number of cans of soda drunk each month by students in their twenties at your school. Describe a possible sampling method in three to five complete sentences. Make the description detailed.

Use the following information to answer the next seven exercises: Studies are often done by pharmaceutical companies to determine the effectiveness of a treatment program. Suppose that a new AIDS antibody drug is currently under study. It is given to patients once the AIDS symptoms have revealed themselves. Of interest is the average (mean) length of time in months patients live once starting the treatment. Two researchers each follow a different set of 40 AIDS patients from the start of treatment until their deaths. The following data (in months) are collected.

Researcher A: 3; 4; 11; 15; 16; 17; 22; 44; 37; 16; 14; 24; 25; 15; 26; 27; 33; 29; 35; 44; 13; 21; 22; 10; 12; 8; 40; 32; 26; 27; 31; 34; 29; 17; 8; 24; 18; 47; 33; 34

Researcher B: 3; 14; 11; 5; 16; 17; 28; 41; 31; 18; 14; 14; 26; 25; 21; 22; 31; 2; 35; 44; 23; 21; 21; 16; 12; 18; 41; 22; 16; 25; 33; 34; 29; 13; 18; 24; 23; 42; 33; 29

List two reasons why the data may differ.

On the Web, What kinds of Web sites do males aged 18to 34visit most often? Half of the male Internet users in this age group visit an auction site such as eBay at least once a month.11A study of Internet use interviews a random sample of 500men aged 18to 34. Let X= the number in the sample who visit an auction site at least once a month.

(a) Show that Xis approximately a binomial random variable.

(b) Check the conditions for using a Normal approximation in this setting.

(c) Use the Normal approximation to 铿乶d the probability that at least 235of the men in the sample visit an online auction site at least once a month.
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