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Chapter 9: Q.110 (page 555)

The US Department of Energy reported that 51.7% of homes were heated by natural gas. A random sample of 221 homes in Kentucky found that 115 were heated by natural gas. Does the evidence support the claim for Kentucky at the 伪 = 0.05 level in Kentucky? Are the results applicable across the country? Why?

Short Answer

Expert verified

We would need to expand our sample base to include these possibilities if we wanted to generalize this claim to the entire nation.

Step by step solution

01

State the null and alternate hypothesis. we have to conduct hypothesis test if homes of Kentucky take 51.7% of the natural gas according to US Department of Energy or not, on average. 

H0:p=0.517;Ha:p鈮�0.517

02

Calculate the p-value using the normal distribution for proportions: 

p-value=0.9203

In one to two complete sentences, explain what the p-value means for this problem. If the null hypothesis is true (the proportion is 0.517), then there is a 0.9203 probability that the sample (estimated) proportion is 0.520 or more.

03

Compare α and the p-value:Indicate the correct decision (“reject” or “do not reject” the null hypothesis), the reason for it, and write an appropriate conclusion, using complete sentences.

alphadecisionreason for decision
0.05Do not reject the null hypothesis.
p-value>0.05

Conclusion: At the 5% significance level, there is not enough evidence to conclude that the proportion of homes in Kentucky that are heated by natural gas is 0.517.

04

Are the results applicable across the country

However, we cannot generalize this result to the entire nation. First, the sample鈥檚 population is only the state of Kentucky. Second, it is reasonable to assume that homes in the extreme north and south will have extreme high usage and low usage, respectively. We would need to expand our sample base to include these possibilities if we wanted to generalize this claim to the entire nation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The cost of a daily newspaper varies from city to city. However, the variation among prices remains steady with a

standard deviation of 20垄. A study was done to test the claim that the mean cost of a daily newspaper is $1.00. Twelve costs

yield a mean cost of 95垄 with a standard deviation of 18垄. Do the data support the claim at the 1% level?

"The Craven," by Mark Salangsang

Once upon a morning dreary

In stats class I was weak and weary.

Pondering over last night鈥檚 homework

Whose answers were now on the board

This I did and nothing more.

While I nodded nearly napping

Suddenly, there came a tapping.

As someone gently rapping,

Rapping my head as I snore.

Quoth the teacher, 鈥淪leep no more.鈥�

鈥淚n every class you fall asleep,鈥�

The teacher said, his voice was deep.

鈥淪o a tally I鈥檝e begun to keep

Of every class you nap and snore.

The percentage being forty-four.鈥�

鈥淢y dear teacher I must confess,

While sleeping is what I do best.

The percentage, I think, must be less,

A percentage less than forty-four.鈥�

This I said and nothing more.

鈥淲e鈥檒l see,鈥� he said and walked away,

And fifty classes from that day

He counted till the month of May

The classes in which I napped and snored.

The number he found was twenty-four.

At a significance level of 0.05,

Please tell me am I still alive?

Or did my grade just take a dive

Plunging down beneath the floor?

Upon thee I hereby implore.

The Weather Underground reported that the mean amount of summer rainfall for the northeastern US is at least 11.52 inches. Ten cities in the northeast are randomly selected and the mean rainfall amount is calculated to be 7.42 inches with a standard deviation of 1.3 inches. At the 伪=0.05 level, can it be concluded that the mean rainfall was below the reported average? What if 伪=0.01? Assume the amount of summer rainfall follows a normal distribution.

"William Shakespeare: The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark," by Jacqueline Ghodsi THE CHARACTERS (in

order of appearance):

鈥� HAMLET, Prince of Denmark and student of Statistics

鈥� POLONIUS, Hamlet鈥檚 tutor

鈥� HOROTIO, friend to Hamlet and fellow student

Scene: The great library of the castle, in which Hamlet does his lessons

Act I

(The day is fair, but the face of Hamlet is clouded. He paces the large room. His tutor, Polonius, is reprimanding Hamlet

regarding the latter鈥檚 recent experience. Horatio is seated at the large table at right stage.)

POLONIUS: My Lord, how cans鈥檛 thou admit that thou hast seen a ghost! It is but a figment of your imagination!

HAMLET: I beg to differ; I know of a certainty that five-and-seventy in one hundred of us, condemned to the whips and

scorns of time as we are, have gazed upon a spirit of health, or goblin damn鈥檇, be their intents wicked or charitable.

POLONIUS If thou doest insist upon thy wretched vision then let me invest your time; be true to thy work and speak to

me through the reason of the null and alternate hypotheses. (He turns to Horatio.) Did not Hamlet himself say, 鈥淲hat piece

of work is man, how noble in reason, how infinite in faculties? Then let not this foolishness persist. Go, Horatio, make a

survey of three-and-sixty and discover what the true proportion be. For my part, I will never succumb to this fantasy, but

deem man to be devoid of all reason should thy proposal of at least five-and-seventy in one hundred hold true.

HORATIO (to Hamlet): What should we do, my Lord?

HAMLET: Go to thy purpose, Horatio.

HORATIO: To what end, my Lord?

HAMLET: That you must teach me. But let me conjure you by the rights of our fellowship, by the consonance of our youth,

but the obligation of our ever-preserved love, be even and direct with me, whether I am right or no.

(Horatio exits, followed by Polonius, leaving Hamlet to ponder alone.)

Act II

(The next day, Hamlet awaits anxiously the presence of his friend, Horatio. Polonius enters and places some books upon the

table just a moment before Horatio enters.)

POLONIUS: So, Horatio, what is it thou didst reveal through thy deliberations?

HORATIO: In a random survey, for which purpose thou thyself sent me forth, I did discover that one-and-forty believe

fervently that the spirits of the dead walk with us. Before my God, I might not this believe, without the sensible and true

avouch of mine own eyes.

POLONIUS: Give thine own thoughts no tongue, Horatio. (Polonius turns to Hamlet.) But look to鈥檛 I charge you, my Lord.

Come Horatio, let us go together, for this is not our test. (Horatio and Polonius leave together.)

HAMLET: To reject, or not reject, that is the question: whether 鈥榯is nobler in the mind to suffer the slings and arrows of

outrageous statistics, or to take arms against a sea of data, and, by opposing, end them. (Hamlet resignedly attends to his

task.)

(Curtain falls)

Assume the null hypothesis states that the mean is equal to 88. The alternative hypothesis states that the mean is not

equal to 88. Is this a left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test?
See all solutions

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