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Chapter 2: Problem 31

Briefly explain how to prepare a dotplot for a data set. You may use an example to illustrate.

Short Answer

Expert verified
A dot plot can be prepared by identifying the variables, setting up the scale on your axes based on the range of your data, plotting a dot for each data point above its corresponding value, and making sure to label your axes for clarity.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Variables

Decide on the data set for which the dot plot is to be created. The vertical axis will typically show the frequency of each value, while the horizontal axis will display the different values from the data set.
02

Set Up Your Scale

Based on the minimum and maximum values of your variables, set up the scale on your horizontal axis. Be sure to evenly space out your increments.
03

Plot the Data

For each data point in your set, make a dot above the corresponding value on the horizontal axis. If a value appears more than once, the dots are stacked vertically.
04

Label the Axes

Finally, make sure to label each axis so the viewer understands what data they are looking at. The label typically includes the name of the variable and the unit of measurement, if applicable.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The following data give the number of text messages sent on 40 randomly selected days during 2015 by a high school student: $$ \begin{array}{llllllllll} 32 & 33 & 33 & 34 & 35 & 36 & 37 & 37 & 37 & 37 \\ 38 & 39 & 40 & 41 & 41 & 42 & 42 & 42 & 43 & 44 \\ 44 & 45 & 45 & 45 & 47 & 47 & 47 & 47 & 47 & 48 \\ 48 & 49 & 50 & 50 & 51 & 52 & 53 & 54 & 59 & 61 \end{array} $$ a. Construct a frequency distribution table. Take 32 as the lower limit of the first class and 6 as the class width. b. Calculate the relative frequency and percentage for each class. c. Construct a histogram for the frequency distribution of part a. d. On what percentage of these 40 days did this student send 44 or more text messages? e. Prepare the cumulative frequency, cumulative relative frequency, and cumulative percentage distributions.

In the past few years, many states have built casinos and many more are in the process of doing so. Forty adults were asked if building casinos is good for society. Following are the responses of these adults, where \(\mathrm{G}\) stands for good, B indicates bad, and I means indifferent or no answer. $$ \begin{array}{lllllllll} \text { B } & \text { G } & \text { B } & \text { B } & \text { I } & \text { G } & \text { B } & \text { I } & \text { B } & \text { B } \\ \text { G } & \text { B } & \text { B } & \text { G } & \text { B } & \text { B } & \text { B } & \text { G } & \text { G } & \text { I } \\ \text { B } & \text { G } & \text { B } & \text { B } & \text { I } & \text { G } & \text { G } & \text { G } & \text { B } & \text { B } \\ \text { I } & \text { G } & \text { B } & \text { B } & \text { B } & \text { G } & \text { G } & \text { B } & \text { B } & \text { G } \end{array} $$ a. Prepare a frequency distribution table. b. Calculate the relative frequencies and percentages for all categories. c. What percentage of the adults in this sample said building casinos is good? d. What percentage of the adults in this sample said building casinos is bad or were indifferent? e. Draw a bar graph for the frequency distribution. f. Draw a pie chart for the percentage distribution. g. Make a Pareto chart for the percentage distribution.

The following table gives the frequency distribution for the numbers of parking tickets received on the campus of a university during the past week by 200 students. $$ \begin{array}{cc} \hline \text { Number of Tickets } & \text { Number of Students } \\ \hline 0 & 59 \\ 1 & 44 \\ 2 & 37 \\ 3 & 32 \\ 4 & 28 \\ \hline \end{array} $$ Draw two bar graphs for these data, the first without truncating the frequency axis and the second by truncating the frequency axis. In the second case, mark the frequencies on the vertical axis starting with 25\. Briefly comment on the two bar graphs.

A local gas station collected data from the day's receipts, recording the gallons of gasoline each customer purchased. The following table lists the frequency distribution of the gallons of gas purchased by all customers on this one day at this gas station. $$ \begin{array}{lc} \hline \text { Gallons of Gas } & \text { Number of Customers } \\ \hline 0 \text { to less than } 4 & 31 \\ 4 \text { to less than } 8 & 78 \\ 8 \text { to less than } 12 & 49 \\ 12 \text { to less than } 16 & 81 \\ 16 \text { to less than } 20 & 117 \\ 20 \text { to less than } 24 & 13 \\ \hline \end{array} $$ a. How many customers were served on this day at this gas station? b. Find the class midpoints. Do all of the classes have the same width? If so, what is this width? If not, what are the different class widths? c. Prepare the relative frequency and percentage distribution columns. d. What percentage of the customers purchased 12 gallons or more? e. Explain why you cannot determine exactly how many customers purchased 10 gallons or less. f. Prepare the cumulative frequency, cumulative relative frequency, and cumulative percentage distributions using the given table.

How are the relative frequencies and percentages of classes obtained from the frequencies of classes? Illustrate with the help of an example.
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