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Chapter 4: Problem 18

Briefly explain for what kind of experiments we use the classical approach to calculate probabilities of events and for what kind of experiments we use the relative frequency approach.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The classical approach to probability is used for experiments where all outcomes are known and equally likely, such as a coin flip or die roll. The relative frequency approach is utilized when the outcomes of an experiment are not equally likely or unknown, which involves data from numerous trials to calculate probabilities.

Step by step solution

01

Describing the Classical Approach

The classical approach to calculating probabilities is used when all outcomes of an experiment are equally likely and known in advance. That is, before the experiment begins, we already know what possibilities exist and each has an equal chance of happening. Classical probability can be calculated as number of profitable outcomes divided by total number of outcomes. Examples include tossing a coin, rolling a die, etc. - where all outcomes are known and have an equal chance of occurrence.
02

Describing the Relative Frequency Approach

Contrarily, the relative frequency approach is used when the outcomes of an experiment are not equally likely or not known in advance. This approach is based on conducting a number of trials, and probabilities are assigned based on the frequencies observed in those trials. The relative frequency probability of an event can be calculated as number of times the event occurred divided by total number of trials. Examples include predicting weather conditions, measuring human lifespans, etc. - where outcomes are not easily predictable or have varied chances of occurrence.

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