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Graph the straight lines in Exercises \(1-3 .\) Then find the change in \(y\) for a one-unit change in \(x\), find the point at which the line crosses the \(y\) -axis, and calculate the value of \(y\) when \(x=2.5 .\) \(y=5-6 x\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The slope of the line is -6, the point where the line crosses the \(y\)-axis is (0, 5), and the value of \(y\) when \(x = 2.5\) is -10.

Step by step solution

01

Graph the line

To graph the line, we can use the slope-intercept form, which is \(y = mx + b\), where \(m\) is the slope and \(b\) is the \(y\)-intercept. In our case, we have \(y = 5 - 6x\), which can be written as \(y = -6x + 5\). So, our slope is \(m = -6\) and our \(y\)-intercept is \(b = 5\). Now, plot the line with a slope of \(-6\) and a \(y\)-intercept of \((0, 5)\).
02

Find the slope

The slope, which represents the change in \(y\) for a one-unit change in \(x\), is given by \(m\). In our equation, \(m = -6\). So, the change in \(y\) for a one-unit change in \(x\) is \(-6\).
03

Find the point at which the line crosses the \(y\)-axis

The point where the line crosses the \(y\)-axis is called the \(y\)-intercept. We found it in step 1. The \(y\)-axis intercept is \((0, 5)\).
04

Calculate the value of \(y\) when \(x = 2.5\)

To find the value of \(y\) when \(x=2.5\), plug in \(x = 2.5\) into the equation and solve for \(y\). \(y = -6(2.5) + 5\) \(y = -15 + 5\) \(y = -10\) So when \(x = 2.5\), the value of \(y = -10\).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Slope-Intercept Form
Understanding the Slope-Intercept Form is key to graphing linear equations quickly. This form of a linear equation is written as \(y = mx + b\). Here, \(m\) represents the slope of the line, and \(b\) is the y-intercept, or the point where the line crosses the y-axis.
- **Slope (\(m\))**: This tells you how steep the line is. It shows the rate of change between the y-values and x-values. A positive slope means the line rises as it moves from left to right, while a negative slope means it falls.
- **Y-Intercept (\(b\))**: This value tells you the exact point where the line meets the y-axis.
The main advantage of the slope-intercept form is its simplicity and ease of use in graphing functions. By identifying \(m\) and \(b\), you can quickly sketch the graph by starting at \(b\) on the y-axis, then using \(m\) as a guide to rise and run to your next point.
y-Intercept
The y-intercept is a fundamental concept in graphing linear equations. It's the point where the line crosses the y-axis, which occurs when the x-value is zero.
For any equation written in slope-intercept form \(y = mx + b\), the y-intercept can be found directly from the \(b\) term. For example, in the equation \(y = -6x + 5\), the y-intercept is \(5\), giving you the point \((0, 5)\).
Knowing this point makes drawing the line graph a straightforward process, as it gives you a starting point on the graph. Remember:
  • The y-intercept is always of the form \((0, b)\).
  • This point is crucial for graphing, because it's where you start plotting.
Graphing Linear Equations
Graphing linear equations involves illustrating a straight line that represents all solutions (x, y) to the linear equation. You can start by recognizing the equation in its slope-intercept form, \(y = mx + b\). This makes it easier to both plot and interpret.
Begin by:
  • **Plotting the Y-Intercept**: Start at the y-intercept (b). This is your first point on the graph, found directly from the equation. For \(y = -6x + 5\), this is the point \((0, 5)\).
  • **Using the Slope**: From the y-intercept, use the slope \(m\) to find your next point. The slope -6 tells you to go down 6 units, and 1 unit to the right. Plot this new point.
  • **Drawing the Line**: Connect your points with a straight edge to extend the line across the graph.
A good check is to pick a point, plug it into the equation and confirm it fits correctly. Practicing this strategy can significantly help with understanding linear relationships and increase your confidence in graphing lines.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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A quantitative variable is measured once a year for a 10 -year period: $$\begin{array}{cccc}\hline \text { Year } & \text { Measurement } & \text { Year } & \text { Measurement } \\\\\hline 1 & 61.5 & 6 & 58.2 \\\2 & 62.3 & 7 & 57.5 \\\3 & 60.7 & 8 & 57.5 \\\4 & 59.8 & 9 & 56.1 \\\5 & 58.0 & 10 & 56.0 \\\\\hline\end{array}$$ a. Draw a scatterplot to describe the variable as it changes over time. b. Describe the measurements using the graph constructed in part a. c. Use this MINITAB output to calculate the correlation coefficient, \(r\) $$\begin{array}{ccc} & \mathrm{x} & \mathrm{y} \\\\\hline \mathrm{x} & 9.16667 & \\\\\mathrm{y} & -6.42222 & 4.84933\end{array}$$ d. Find the best-fitting line using the results of part c. Verify your answer using the data entry method in your calculator. d. Plot the best-fitting line on your scatterplot from part a. Describe the fit of the line.

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