Chapter 8: Problem 156
Simplify. Assume all variables are positive (a) \(\left(64 s^{\frac{3}{7}}\right)^{\frac{1}{6}}\) (b) \(\left(m^{\frac{4}{3}} n^{\frac{1}{2}}\right)^{\frac{3}{4}}\)
Short Answer
Expert verified
(a) \(2 s^{\frac{1}{14}}\); (b) \(m n^{\frac{3}{8}}\)
Step by step solution
01
Identify the original expression (a)
We start with the expression \(\tag{a} \left(64 s^{\frac{3}{7}}\right)^{\frac{1}{6}}.\)
02
Apply the power of a power rule (a)
According to the power of a power rule \(\tag{a} \left(a^m\right)^n = a^{mn},\) we need to use this rule for both the constant and the variable parts. First, calculate \(64^{\frac{1}{6}}\)
03
Simplify the constant part (a)
We know \(64 = 2^6,\) so \(64^{\frac{1}{6}} = (2^6)^{\frac{1}{6}} = 2.\)
04
Simplify the variable part (a)
For the variable part \(\tag{a} \(s^{\frac{3}{7}}\)^{\frac{1}{6}},\) multiply the exponents: \(\frac{3}{7} \times \frac{1}{6} = \frac{3}{42} = \frac{1}{14},\) therefore \(s^{\frac{1}{14}}.\)
05
Combine the results (a)
Putting it all together: \(2 s^{\frac{1}{14}}.\)
06
Identify the original expression (b)
We start with the expression \(\tag{b} \left(m^{\frac{4}{3}} n^{\frac{1}{2}}\right)^{\frac{3}{4}}.\)
07
Apply the power of a power rule (b)
Again, use the power of a power rule \(\tag{b} \left(a^m\right)^n = a^{mn},\) for each variable separately.
08
Simplify the variable parts (b)
For the variable \(m^{\frac{4}{3}},\) multiply the exponents: \(\frac{4}{3} \times \frac{3}{4} = 1,\) so \(m^1 = m.\) For the variable \(n^{\frac{1}{2}},\) multiply the exponents: \(\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{3}{4} = \frac{3}{8},\) so \(n^{\frac{3}{8}}.\)
09
Combine the results (b)
Putting it all together, we get \(m n^{\frac{3}{8}}.\)
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Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Power of a Power Rule
The Power of a Power Rule makes exponentiation simpler. This rule states that if you have an exponent raised to another exponent, you can multiply those exponents together. Mathematically, this is represented as: \[ (a^m)^n = a^{mn} \]
This rule is useful when dealing with complicated expressions. Instead of repeatedly applying exponents step-by-step, you can directly simplify by multiplying them. For example, given \[ (s^{\frac{3}{7}})^{\frac{1}{6}} \], you can simplify it by multiplying the exponents resulting in \[ s^{\frac{3}{7} \cdot \frac{1}{6}} = s^{\frac{3}{42}} = s^{\frac{1}{14}} \].
In another example, \[ (m^{\frac{4}{3}})^{\frac{3}{4}} \] simplifies to \[ m^{\frac{4}{3} \cdot \frac{3}{4}} = m^1 = m \]. This method is vital for handling exponential expressions quickly.
This rule is useful when dealing with complicated expressions. Instead of repeatedly applying exponents step-by-step, you can directly simplify by multiplying them. For example, given \[ (s^{\frac{3}{7}})^{\frac{1}{6}} \], you can simplify it by multiplying the exponents resulting in \[ s^{\frac{3}{7} \cdot \frac{1}{6}} = s^{\frac{3}{42}} = s^{\frac{1}{14}} \].
In another example, \[ (m^{\frac{4}{3}})^{\frac{3}{4}} \] simplifies to \[ m^{\frac{4}{3} \cdot \frac{3}{4}} = m^1 = m \]. This method is vital for handling exponential expressions quickly.
Simplifying Expressions
Simplifying expressions using the power of a power rule involves breaking down complex terms into simpler forms.
Let's take the example \[ \left(64 s^{\frac{3}{7}}\right)^{\frac{1}{6}} \].
The first step is to apply the power rule separately to the base 64 and the variable term \[ s^{\frac{3}{7}} \].
For the constant base 64, simplify it as follows:
\[ 2 s^{\frac{1}{14}} \]following these steps makes the simplification straightforward.
Let's take the example \[ \left(64 s^{\frac{3}{7}}\right)^{\frac{1}{6}} \].
The first step is to apply the power rule separately to the base 64 and the variable term \[ s^{\frac{3}{7}} \].
For the constant base 64, simplify it as follows:
- Recognize that 64 is \[ 2^6 \]
- Thus \[ (2^6)^{\frac{1}{6}} = 2 \]
- Calculate \[ \frac{3}{7} \cdot \frac{1}{6} = \frac{3}{42} = \frac{1}{14} \]
- Thus \[ s^{\frac{1}{14}} \]
\[ 2 s^{\frac{1}{14}} \]following these steps makes the simplification straightforward.
Exponents
Exponents indicate how many times a number, called the base, is multiplied by itself. For example, \[ 2^3 = 2 \times 2 \times 2 = 8 \]. Exponents follow specific rules which make complex calculations simpler. Here are the key rules:
\[ m n^{\frac{3}{8}} \]Mastering these exponent rules is crucial for efficient problem-solving in algebra.
- Product Rule: \[ a^m \cdot a^n = a^{m+n} \]
- Quotient Rule: \[ \frac{a^m}{a^n} = a^{m-n} \]
- Power of a Power Rule: \[ (a^m)^n = a^{mn} \]
- Zero Exponent Rule: \[ a^0 = 1 \] if \[ a e 0 \]
- Negative Exponent Rule: \[ a^{-m} = \frac{1}{a^m} \]
- Apply the power of a power rule individually:
- For \[ m^{\frac{4}{3}} \], multiply exponents: \[ \frac{4}{3} \cdot \frac{3}{4} = 1 \]. Hence \[ m^1 = m \]
- For \[ n^{\frac{1}{2}} \], multiply: \[ \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{3}{4} = \frac{3}{8} \]. Hence \[ n^{\frac{3}{8}} \]
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\[ m n^{\frac{3}{8}} \]Mastering these exponent rules is crucial for efficient problem-solving in algebra.