Chapter 8: Problem 114
Use the Quotient Property to simplify square roots. (a) \(\frac{\sqrt{72 n^{11}}}{\sqrt{2 n}}\)(b) \(\sqrt[3]{\frac{162}{6}}\)(c)\(\sqrt[4]{\frac{160 r^{10}}{5 r^{3}}}\)
Short Answer
Expert verified
6n^5, 3, 2r \cdot \sqrt[4]{2r^3}
Step by step solution
01
Simplify the expressions inside the radicals
(a) \ \ Simplify inside the radicals: \(\frac{\sqrt{72 n^{11}}}{\sqrt{2 n}}\). Use the property \(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{b}} = \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}\): \ \ \(\frac{\sqrt{72 n^{11}}}{\sqrt{2 n}} = \sqrt{\frac{72 n^{11}}{2 n}}\)
02
Perform the division inside the radicals
(a) Perform the division: \(\frac{72 n^{11}}{2 n} = 36 n^{10}\). Now we get: \ \ \(\sqrt{36 n^{10}} = \sqrt{36} \cdot \sqrt{n^{10}}\)
03
Simplify the square roots
(a) \(\sqrt{36} = 6\) and \(\sqrt{n^{10}} = n^5\) because \(n^{10} = (n^5)^2\). So, \(\sqrt{36 n^{10}} = 6n^5\)
04
Apply the property for cube roots
(b) Simplify \(\sqrt[3]{\frac{162}{6}}\). First perform the division inside the cube root: \ \ \(\frac{162}{6} = 27\). Now we have: \(\sqrt[3]{27}\)
05
Simplify the cube root
(b) \(\sqrt[3]{27} = 3\) because \(27 = 3^3\). Therefore, \(\sqrt[3]{27} = 3\)
06
Apply the fourth root property
(c) Simplify \(\sqrt[4]{\frac{160 r^{10}}{5 r^{3}}}\). First perform the division inside the fourth root: \ \ \(\frac{160 r^{10}}{5 r^{3}} = 32 r^7\). Now we have: \(\sqrt[4]{32 r^7}\)
07
Simplify the fourth root
(c) Notice that \(32 = 2^5\) and \(r^7 = (r^1)^4 \cdot r^3\). We get: \ \ \(\sqrt[4]{2^5 r^7} = \sqrt[4]{2^4 \cdot 2 \cdot r^4 \cdot r^3} = 2 r \cdot \sqrt[4]{2 r^3}\)
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Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Quotient Property
The Quotient Property of square roots helps simplify expressions involving division. This property states that \(\frac{\text{鈭歛}}{\text{鈭歜}} = \text{鈭殅(\frac{\text{a}}{\text{b}})\).
In simpler terms, you can combine the radicals by placing the entire division inside one square root.
Suppose we have the expression \(\frac{\text{鈭72饾憶^{11}}}{\text{鈭2饾憶}}\). By the Quotient Property, this becomes \(\text{鈭殅(\frac{\text{72 饾憶^{11}}}{\text{2 饾憶}})\). This immediately simplifies the expression and makes further steps easier.
Next, we perform the division inside the square root \(\frac{\text{72饾憶^{11}}}{\text{2饾憶}} = 36饾憶^{10}\).
Then, we simplify by splitting the square root into two parts: \(\text{鈭36} \times \text{鈭氿潙沕{10}}\). Recognizing that \(\text{鈭36} = 6\) and \(\text{鈭氿潙沕{10}} = 饾憶^5\), we finally get 6饾憶^5.
In simpler terms, you can combine the radicals by placing the entire division inside one square root.
Suppose we have the expression \(\frac{\text{鈭72饾憶^{11}}}{\text{鈭2饾憶}}\). By the Quotient Property, this becomes \(\text{鈭殅(\frac{\text{72 饾憶^{11}}}{\text{2 饾憶}})\). This immediately simplifies the expression and makes further steps easier.
Next, we perform the division inside the square root \(\frac{\text{72饾憶^{11}}}{\text{2饾憶}} = 36饾憶^{10}\).
Then, we simplify by splitting the square root into two parts: \(\text{鈭36} \times \text{鈭氿潙沕{10}}\). Recognizing that \(\text{鈭36} = 6\) and \(\text{鈭氿潙沕{10}} = 饾憶^5\), we finally get 6饾憶^5.
Cube Roots
Cube roots focus on finding a number which, when multiplied by itself three times, produces the original number. This is represented as \(\text{鈭歔3]{a}}\).
The Quotient Property can also apply to cube roots. Consider simplifying \(\text{鈭歔3]{\frac{162}{6}}}\). First, perform the division inside the cube root: \(\frac{\text{162}}{\text{6}} = 27\). This transforms our original expression into \(\text{鈭歔3]{27}}\).
Next, identify whether 27 is a perfect cube. Since \(\text{27 = 3^3}\), we get \(\text{鈭歔3]{3^3} = 3}\).
Therefore, \(\text{鈭歔3]{27} = 3}\). Recognizing and simplifying perfect cubes makes solving these problems straightforward and manageable.
The Quotient Property can also apply to cube roots. Consider simplifying \(\text{鈭歔3]{\frac{162}{6}}}\). First, perform the division inside the cube root: \(\frac{\text{162}}{\text{6}} = 27\). This transforms our original expression into \(\text{鈭歔3]{27}}\).
Next, identify whether 27 is a perfect cube. Since \(\text{27 = 3^3}\), we get \(\text{鈭歔3]{3^3} = 3}\).
Therefore, \(\text{鈭歔3]{27} = 3}\). Recognizing and simplifying perfect cubes makes solving these problems straightforward and manageable.
Fourth Roots
Fourth roots involve finding a number which, when used as a factor four times, produces the original number. This is noted as \(\text{鈭歔4]{a}}\).
Using the Quotient Property for fourth roots, let's simplify \(\text{鈭歔4]{\frac{160饾憻^{10}}{5饾憻^3}}}\). First, handle the division: \(\frac{\text{160饾憻^{10}}}{\text{5饾憻^3}} = 32饾憻^7\).
Now, the expression becomes \(\text{鈭歔4]{32饾憻^7}}\). Notice \(\text{32 = 2^5}\) and understand that \(\text{饾憻^7 = (饾憻^1)^4 \times 饾憻^3}\).
This gives us \(\text{鈭歔4]{2^5 饾憻^7}} = \text{鈭歔4]{2^4 \times 2 \times 饾憻^4 \times 饾憻^3}} = 2饾憻 \times \text{鈭歔4]{2 饾憻^3}}\).
Recognizing powers and split-out terms efficiently simplifies these terms into more manageable parts.
Using the Quotient Property for fourth roots, let's simplify \(\text{鈭歔4]{\frac{160饾憻^{10}}{5饾憻^3}}}\). First, handle the division: \(\frac{\text{160饾憻^{10}}}{\text{5饾憻^3}} = 32饾憻^7\).
Now, the expression becomes \(\text{鈭歔4]{32饾憻^7}}\). Notice \(\text{32 = 2^5}\) and understand that \(\text{饾憻^7 = (饾憻^1)^4 \times 饾憻^3}\).
This gives us \(\text{鈭歔4]{2^5 饾憻^7}} = \text{鈭歔4]{2^4 \times 2 \times 饾憻^4 \times 饾憻^3}} = 2饾憻 \times \text{鈭歔4]{2 饾憻^3}}\).
Recognizing powers and split-out terms efficiently simplifies these terms into more manageable parts.