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Chapter 1: Problem 33

A pharmaceutical company wants to conduct a survey of 30 individuals who have high cholesterol. The company has obtained a list from doctors throughout the country of 6,600 individuals who are known to have high cholesterol. Design a sampling method to obtain the individuals in the sample. Be sure to support your choice.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Use simple random sampling to select 30 individuals from the list of 6,600 with a random number generator.

Step by step solution

01

- Define the Population

Identify the population of interest. In this case, it is the 6,600 individuals who are known to have high cholesterol.
02

- Choose a Sampling Method

Select an appropriate sampling method. Simple random sampling is a good option because it minimizes bias and ensures that every individual has an equal chance of being selected.
03

- Generate Random Numbers

Generate 30 unique random numbers between 1 and 6,600 using a random number generator. Each number corresponds to an individual on the list.
04

- Select Individuals

Match the generated random numbers to individuals on the list. These 30 individuals will form the sample.
05

- Justify the Choice

Support the chosen sampling method. Simple random sampling is justified because it's straightforward, avoids selection bias, and ensures a representative sample.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

sampling method
A sampling method is a way to pick a smaller group (sample) from a larger population. In our pharmaceutical company's survey, we have a huge list of 6,600 individuals. To make the survey practical and efficient, we use simple random sampling.
This method helps in selecting participants fairly. Every person has the same chance of being picked. Imagine writing each of the 6,600 names on separate pieces of paper, shuffling them in a big box, and then drawing out 30 names. That's simple random sampling in action! It's fair and avoids any favoritism.
random number generation
Random number generation is a process that creates numbers without any predictable pattern. This is crucial in simple random sampling to ensure fairness.
For our survey, we need 30 numbers between 1 and 6,600. These numbers will correspond to individuals on the list. Using a computer or calculator's random number generator, we can quickly get these unique numbers.
This method ensures everyone has an equal chance, much like drawing lottery tickets. It鈥檚 a reliable way to avoid bias.
selection bias
Selection bias occurs when some people have a higher or lower chance of being included in the sample. This can lead to inaccurate results.
By using simple random sampling, we minimize this bias. If we handpick or use convenience sampling (like only choosing friends or nearby people), some might be overrepresented.
When we choose numbers randomly, each of the 6,600 individuals has the same probability of being chosen. This approach ensures that the sample truly reflects the diverse population.
representative sample
A representative sample accurately reflects the characteristics of the larger population. In a survey about cholesterol, we need our 30 participants to resemble the larger group of 6,600.
Simple random sampling helps achieve this. By giving each person an equal chance, we hope to get a sample that mirrors the broader population's distribution of age, gender, lifestyle, etc.
If our sample is representative, we can trust the survey results. It means the findings from our 30 individuals can offer insights applicable to the entire group.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Suppose you are the president of the student government. You wish to conduct a survey to determine the student body's opinion regarding student services. The administration provides you with a list of the names and phone numbers of the 19,935 registered students. (a) Discuss the procedure you would follow to obtain a simple random sample of 25 students. (b) Obtain this sample.

A marketing executive for Coca-Cola Inc., wants to identify television shows that people in the Boston area who typically drink Coke are watching. The executive has a list of all households in the Boston area. Design a sampling method to obtain the individuals in the sample. Be sure to support your choice.

The survey design is flawed. (a) Determine whether the flaw is due to the sampling method or the survey itself For flawed surveys, identify the cause of the error (wording of question, nonresponse, and so forth). (b) Suggest a remedy to the problem. To determine public opinion of the police department, the police chief obtains a cluster sample of 15 census tracts within his jurisdiction and samples all households in the randomly selected tracts. Uniformed police officers go door to door to conduct the survey.

Classify the variable as qualitative or quantitative. Nation of origin

A researcher has recruited 20 volunteers to participate in a study. The researcher wishes to measure the effect of alcohol on an individual's reaction time. The 20 volunteers are randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 will serve as a control group in which participants drink four 1 -ounce cups of a liquid that looks, smells, and tastes like alcohol in 15 -minute increments. Group 2 will serve as an experimental group in which participants drink four 1-ounce cups of 80-proof alcohol in 15 -minute increments. After drinking the last 1- ounce cup, the participants sit for 20 minutes. After the 20-minute resting period, the reaction time to a stimulus is measured. (a) What type of experimental design is this? (b) Use Table I in Appendix A or a random-number generator to divide the 20 volunteers into groups 1 and 2 by assigning the volunteers a number between 1 and 20. Then randomly select 10 numbers between 1 and 20. The individuals corresponding to these numbers will go into group \(1 .\)
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