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Chapter 1: Problem 19

The survey design is flawed. (a) Determine whether the flaw is due to the sampling method or the survey itself For flawed surveys, identify the cause of the error (wording of question, nonresponse, and so forth). (b) Suggest a remedy to the problem. A magazine is conducting a study on the effects of infidelity in a marriage. The editors randomly select 400 women whose husbands were unfaithful and ask, "Do you believe a marriage can survive when the husband destroys the trust that must exist between husband and wife?"

Short Answer

Expert verified
The flaw lies in the wording of the question, which is leading. The remedy is to rephrase the question neutrally.

Step by step solution

01

- Identifying the Flaw

Examine the survey question and context. The question asked is: 'Do you believe a marriage can survive when the husband destroys the trust that must exist between husband and wife?' Note that this question is loaded and leading, as it implies a negative view on unfaithfulness. This means the flaw lies within the wording of the question.
02

- Determine Flaw Category

Label the type of error. In this case, the error is in the survey design itself, specifically in the wording of the question. This can lead to biased responses because it sets a negative tone.
03

- Propose the Remedy

Create a neutral, unbiased question. Instead of the loaded question, a neutral question could be: 'Do you believe a marriage can survive infidelity?' This question does not imply any judgment or bias.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

sampling method
The sampling method defines how survey participants are selected. A key element is choosing a sample that represents the broader population accurately. In the original exercise, the magazine selected 400 women whose husbands were unfaithful. While the selection itself was random, the group only includes women with a specific experience of infidelity. This specific sampling method is highly biased. To improve, the survey should include a broader sample that also considers women whose husbands have not been unfaithful and possibly men too. A more inclusive sample ensures diverse perspectives and results in more reliable and representative data.
wording bias
Wording bias happens when the survey question suggests a particular response. The original question: 'Do you believe a marriage can survive when the husband destroys the trust that must exist between husband and wife?' is loaded with negative implications. This type of wording leads respondents toward a particular answer, thereby tainting the results with bias. To avoid wording bias, rephrase the question in a neutral manner. For example, 'Do you believe a marriage can survive infidelity?' This neutral wording allows respondents to express their honest opinion without being influenced by the emotional charge of the question.
error identification
Error identification involves recognizing and pinpointing flaws in the survey design or implementation. In the given exercise, the flawed survey design is due to both sampling method and wording bias. Identifying these errors is crucial for improving survey accuracy and reliability. Sampling errors and wording biases lead to unrepresentative and skewed results. The first step is reviewing the survey questions and their wording. Next, evaluate the survey sample. A critical assessment helps identify such errors early and allows for necessary adjustments.
neutral questioning
Neutral questioning is essential for collecting unbiased responses. The original survey question was emotionally charged and led respondents towards a negative answer. Neutral questions are worded in a way that does not sway the respondent towards a particular viewpoint. For instance, instead of the original loaded question about trust being destroyed, a neutral approach would be: 'Do you believe a marriage can survive infidelity?' This question is more balanced and avoids any pre-assumptions, leading to more honest responses. Crafting neutral questions ensures the survey reflects genuine opinions and improves overall data quality.
survey flaws
Survey flaws can manifest in various ways, including poor sampling methods, biased wording, and design errors. These flaws compromise the reliability and validity of survey results. Identifying and addressing these flaws is vital. In the given exercise, flaws were evident in both the sampling method and question wording. To correct these flaws, one should adopt random sampling techniques that ensure representation across different demographics and craft neutral, unbiased questions. Addressing these issues leads to more accurate, actionable insights and makes the survey a more effective tool for research.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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