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Chapter 1: Problem 14

The survey design is flawed. (a) Determine whether the flaw is due to the sampling method or the survey itself For flawed surveys, identify the cause of the error (wording of question, nonresponse, and so forth). (b) Suggest a remedy to the problem. Suppose you are conducting a survey regarding students' study habits. From a list of full-time registered students, you obtain a simple random sample of 90 students. One survey question is "How many hours do you study?"

Short Answer

Expert verified
The flaw lies in the survey question due to lack of specificity. Modify the question to clarify the context and time frame.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Method

Analyze the sampling method used to gather data. In this case, a simple random sample of 90 students from a list of full-time registered students was obtained. This method should ideally provide an unbiased representation of the population.
02

Examine the Survey Question

Look at the specific survey question asked: 'How many hours do you study?' Consider potential issues with this question, such as ambiguity or lack of specificity.
03

Determine the Flaw

Decide if the flaw lies in the sampling method or the survey itself. In this case, the sampling method is appropriate. The flaw is in the survey question since it is too general and may not provide accurate information.
04

Identify the Cause of Error

Identify the cause of the error in the survey question. One potential error is lack of specificity. The term 'study' can be interpreted differently by different students, leading to varied and possibly inaccurate responses.
05

Suggest a Remedy

To remedy the problem, modify the survey question to be more specific. For example, ask 'How many hours do you study for your courses each week?' This clarifies the time frame and context of the question, reducing ambiguity.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Sampling Method
To begin with, the sampling method is a critical aspect of survey design. It determines how you select participants for your survey. In this particular case, a simple random sample of 90 students from a list of full-time registered students was obtained.
This technique is sound because it ensures that every student has an equal chance of being selected. Therefore, the survey results should ideally represent the diverse study habits of all full-time students.
Using a simple random sample minimizes bias that could skew the results, making it a reliable method for obtaining a snapshot of student behavior.
Survey Question Clarity
Next, the clarity of the survey question is paramount to gathering accurate data. The question 'How many hours do you study?' is too ambiguous.
Different students may interpret 'study' in various ways. For some, it could mean the time spent reviewing notes, while for others, it could include time spent on assignments or group studies.
The lack of a specific time frame and context makes the data collected open to interpretations, leading to inaccurate and varied responses.
This begets the need for questions that are clearly defined and leave little room for misinterpretation.
Error Identification
The primary error in this survey is not in the sampling method, but in the survey question itself. The wording of 'How many hours do you study?' lacks specificity and clarity.
This can lead to diverse interpretations amongst respondents, causing the data to be inconsistent and unreliable.
A well-designed survey should have questions that are straightforward, unambiguous, and concise to ensure that every respondent understands and answers them in a similar manner.
Identifying this flaw is crucial for refining the survey to produce more accurate results.
Remedy Suggestion
To remedy the problem identified, it is essential to refine the survey question. A better question could be: 'How many hours do you spend studying for your courses each week?'
This revised question is more specific, providing a clear time frame and context. This minimizes the risk of varied interpretations and ensures that responses are more uniform.
Clear and precise questions are the backbone of a high-quality survey, as they guide respondents to provide accurate and meaningful data that truly represents the population being studied.

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