/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 23 $$ P=\left[\begin{array}{rrr} ... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91Ó°ÊÓ

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$$ P=\left[\begin{array}{rrr} -1 & 1 & 2 \\ 2 & -1 & -2 \end{array}\right] $$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The transpose of matrix P is \(P^T=\left[\begin{array}{rr} -1 & 2 \\ 1 & -1 \\ 2 & -2 \end{array}\right]\). After multiplying P with its transpose, we get matrix Q as \(Q=\left[\begin{array}{rr} 6 & -6\\ -6 & 9 \end{array}\right]\). The determinant of Q is 18.

Step by step solution

01

Transpose of the matrix P

First, we need to find the transpose of the given matrix. The transpose of a matrix is obtained by interchanging the rows and columns. For a given matrix A with elements \(a_{ij}\), the transpose \(A^T\) will have elements \( a_{ji}\). So, the transpose of matrix P is: $$ P^T=\left[\begin{array}{rr} -1 & 2 \\ 1 & -1 \\ 2 & -2 \end{array}\right] $$
02

Matrix multiplication of P and P^T

Now, we will find the matrix multiplication of the given matrix P with its transpose P^T. To multiply two matrices, the number of columns in the first matrix should be equal to the number of rows in the second matrix. In this case, P has 3 columns and P^T has 3 rows, so it's possible to multiply them. Matrix multiplication is done by multiplying each element of a row in the first matrix with each element of a column in the second matrix and summing the result. If the first matrix is of order m×n and the second matrix is of order n×p, the resulting matrix will be of order m×p. Here, P is 2x3 and P^T is 3x2, so the resulting matrix will be a 2x2 matrix. Let's denote the resulting matrix Q: $$ Q=P×P^T=\left[\begin{array}{rr} (-1)(-1) + (1)(1) + (2)(2) & (-1)(2) + (1)(-1) + (2)(-2) \\ (2)(-1) + (-1)(1) + (-2)(2) & (2)(2) + (-1)(-1) + (-2)(-2) \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{rr} 6 & -6\\ -6 & 9 \end{array}\right] $$
03

Determine the determinant of matrix Q

Since the resulting matrix Q is a 2x2 square matrix, we can determine its determinant. The determinant of a 2x2 matrix \(\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix}\) can be calculated using the formula \(ad - bc\). Let's compute the determinant of matrix Q: Determinant of Q = \((6)(9) - (-6)(-6) = 54 - 36 = 18\) Hence, the determinant of the resulting matrix Q is 18.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Transpose of a Matrix
The transpose of a matrix is a fundamental concept in linear algebra which involves flipping a matrix over its diagonal. Essentially, the rows become columns, and the columns become rows.

For a matrix A defined by its elements as \(a_{ij}\), where \(i\) is the row index and \(j\) is the column index, the transpose, denoted by \(A^T\), will have elements \(a_{ji}\). This means the element at the \(i^{th}\) row and \(j^{th}\) column of the original matrix moves to the \(j^{th}\) row and \(i^{th}\) column in the transposed matrix.

Applying this to our example, when we transpose matrix P, each element of the first row \([-1, 1, 2]\) becomes the first column of \(P^T\), and the second row \([2, -1, -2]\) becomes the second column, resulting in the transposed matrix displayed above.
Determinant of a Matrix
The determinant is a scalar value that is a function of the entries of a square matrix. It provides important information about the matrix, including whether it is invertible and the volume scaling factor for the geometric transformation defined by the matrix.

The determinant of a 2x2 matrix \(\begin{bmatrix} a & b \ c & d \/bmatrix}\) is computed as \(ad - bc\). For larger square matrices, the computation is more complex and involves the concepts of minors and cofactors. Nevertheless, the determinant can be seen as a measure of how much the linear transformation associated with the matrix compresses or stretches space.
Matrix Operations
Matrix operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, and finding the inverse and determinant, among others. These operations follow specific rules that are different from those of regular arithmetic.

In the context of matrix multiplication, as seen in the provided solution, the product of a matrix A of order \(m \times n\) and a matrix B of order \(n \times p\) results in a matrix of order \(m \times p\). To multiply A by B, we calculate the sum of the products of corresponding entries of the rows of A and the columns of B. It's crucial to remember that matrix multiplication is not commutative; meaning, in general, \(AB eq BA\).
Finite Mathematics
  • Finite mathematics is a branch of mathematics that deals with mathematical concepts and techniques that are used in real-world applications and various fields such as business, social sciences, and biology.
  • It often includes topics like matrix operations, linear systems, probability, statistics, and discrete mathematics.
  • Understanding matrix operations is essential in finite mathematics since matrices are used to represent data and model various situations, from search algorithms to economic models.
Finite mathematics emphasizes not only the process of solving mathematical problems but also the applications of these concepts in decision-making and analysis.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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\(\nabla\) \mathrm{\\{} T r a n s p o r t a t i o n ~ S c h e d u l i n g ~ W e ~ r e t u r n ~ t o ~ y o u r ~ e x p l o i t s ~ c o - ~ ordinating distribution for the Tubular Ride Boogie Board Company. \({ }^{36}\) You will recall that the company has manufacturing plants in Tucson, Arizona and Toronto, Ontario, and you have been given the job of coordinating distribution of their latest model, the Gladiator, to their outlets in Honolulu and Venice Beach. The Tucson plant can manufacture up to 620 boards per week, while the Toronto plant, beset by labor disputes, can produce no more than 410 Gladiator boards per week. The outlet in Honolulu orders 500 Gladiator boards per week, while Venice Beach orders 530 boards per week. Transportation costs are as follows: Tucson to Honolulu: \(\$ 10 /\) board; Tucson to Venice Beach: \(\$ 5 /\) board; Toronto to Honolulu: \(\$ 20 /\) board; Toronto to Venice Beach: \(\$ 10 /\) board. Your manager has said that you are to be sure to fill all orders and ship the boogie boards at a minimum total transportation cost. How will you do it?

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