/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 132 Greenhouse Effect An environment... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91Ó°ÊÓ

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Greenhouse Effect An environmental issues survey asked the students of a college whether they felt that the main cause of the greenhouse effect is CFCs. It was estimated that \(84 \%\) of all students felt that it was not so. If another poll was taken and there were 200 participants, how many would you expect to say that CFCs are not the main cause of the greenhouse effect, assuming the percentage remained the same?

Short Answer

Expert verified
We would expect approximately 168 students to say that CFCs are not the main cause of the greenhouse effect

Step by step solution

01

Identifying given values

The given values are the percentage of students who believe that CFCs are not the main cause of the greenhouse effect which is \(84\%\), and the total number of students in the new poll, which is 200.
02

Converting percentage to decimal

In order to calculate the number of students, we need to convert the percentage to a decimal. To do this, simply divide the percentage (84) by 100. This gives us a ratio, \(0.84\).
03

Calculating the number of students

Now, multiply this ratio by the total number of students (200) to get the estimated number of students. This results to \(0.84 \times 200 = 168\).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Environmental Survey
Environmental surveys are a powerful tool for gauging public opinion on pressing ecological issues, like the greenhouse effect. In this type of survey, participants are asked questions about their perceptions and beliefs concerning various environmental factors. These surveys play a crucial role in understanding how individuals and communities feel about environmental challenges and can help guide policy and educational efforts. By collecting this data, organizations and researchers can identify trends and areas in need of immediate attention. Environmental surveys often involve a mix of qualitative and quantitative questions to get a more comprehensive picture of opinions.
  • They help in highlighting the most common beliefs and misconceptions.
  • They can be used to track changes in public opinion over time.
  • They assist in formulating targeted interventions to educate the public about environmental issues.
Understanding the perspectives gathered from these surveys is essential for developing strategies that address the root causes of environmental problems.
Percentage Calculations
Percentage calculations are essential in determining proportions and making reliable estimations. When working with percentages, the first step is often converting the percentage into a decimal form. This facilitates further arithmetic operations such as multiplication or division. The conversion is straightforward: divide the given percentage by 100.
For instance, if 84% of students in a survey believe something, this percentage as a decimal is 0.84. This step is crucial for accurate calculations and ensures consistency across different scenarios.
  • To find out how many out of a total number share a particular opinion, multiply the decimal by the total number.
  • Percentage calculations can provide insights into the majority and minority opinions within a group.
  • They are instrumental in making predictions and informing decisions based on survey data.
By mastering percentage calculations, you can better interpret data and understand its implications in real-world situations.
Statistical Estimation
Statistical estimation involves making predictions based on a sample of data that represents a larger population. It is a key aspect of understanding probable outcomes in various fields, including environmental studies. With the concept of statistical estimation, we can infer characteristics of a population from a subset or sample. For example, if we know that 84% of a sample of college students believes CFCs aren't the main cause of the greenhouse effect, we can use statistical estimation to apply this finding to the entire student body.
When using statistical estimation:
  • Ensure the sample is representative of the population to avoid biased results.
  • Accurate estimations hinge on a clear understanding of the variables at play and the relationship between them.
  • Statistical estimation can guide decision-making and policy creation by offering a predictive view of population behaviors and attitudes.
Relying on statistical estimation allows us to address larger questions and guide environmental actions effectively.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Opinion about Music A Heartbeats International's survey in 2011 estimated that \(40 \%\) of the world's population thought music is the most difficult to live without in their daily lives. If this rate is still correct and a new poll of 10,000 people were obtained, how many out of those 10,000 would you expect to think the same?

Independent Variables Use your general knowledge to label the following pairs of variables as independent or associated. Explain. a. For a sample of adults, gender and ring size. b. The outcome on rolls of two separate, fair dices.

Rich Happier: 1990 A Gallup poll asked, "Do you think that rich people in America today are happier than you, less happy, or about the same?" In \(1990,36 \%\) said less happy, \(11 \%\) said happier, and \(50 \%\) said about the same. The reason these don't add up to \(100 \%\) is that there were some people who had no opinion. Suppose Gallup were to do another survey polling 1500 people, and the percentages were the same as those in 1990 .a. How many would say less happy? b. How many would say happier? c. How many would say about the same?

Law of Large Numbers A famous study by Amos Tversky and Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman asked people to consider two hospitals. Hospital A is small and has 15 babies bom per day. Hospital \(\mathrm{B}\) has 45 babies born each day. Over one year, each hospital recorded the number of days that it had more than \(60 \%\) girls born. Assuming that \(50 \%\) of all babies are girls, which hospital had the most such days? Or do you think both will have about the same number of days with more than \(60 \%\) girls born? Answer, and explain. (Source: Amos Tversky. 2004. Preference, Belief, and Similarity: Selected Writings, ed. Eldar Shafir. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, p. 205 )

Simulation: Four-Sided Die a. Explain how you could use a random number table (or the random numbers generated by software or a calculator) to simulate rolling a fair four-sided die 20 times. Assume you are interested in the probability of rolling a 1 . Then report a line or two of the random number table (or numbers generated by a computer or calculator) and the values that were obtained from it. b. Report the empirical probability of rolling a 1 on the four-sided die from part a, and compare it with the theoretical probability of rolling a 1 .

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