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Chapter 1: Q 1.13. (page 8)

Thoughts on Evolution. In an article titled "Who has designs on your student's minds?" (Nature, Vol. 434, pp. 1062-1065), author G. Brumfiel postulated that support for Darwinism increases with level of education. The following table provides percentages of U.S. adults, by educational level, who believe that evolution is a scientific theory well supported by evidence.

(a) Do you think that this study is descriptive or inferential? Explain your answer.

(b) If, in fact, the study is inferential, identify the sample and population.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part (a) Inferential

Part (b) Sample:- educated individuals who were interviewed for the statistics.

Population:- U.S. Adults about whom the conclusion is being drawn.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a) Step 1. Given information.

The given statement is:

The following table provides percentages of U.S. adults, by educational level, who believe that evolution is a scientific theory well supported by evidence:

02

Part (a) Step 2. Classify the given study as either descriptive or inferential.

The given study is inferential in nature because it tries to reach a reliable conclusion about Geoff Brumfield's postulate.

03

Part (b) Step 1. Identify the sample and population.

The educated people who were interviewed for statistics make up the sample.

Adults in the United States make up the population for which a conclusion is formed.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The members of a population have been numbered 1-372. A sample of size 5 is to be taken from the population, using systematic random sampling.

(a) Apply Procedure 1.1 on page 17 to determine the sample ( i.e .. the numbers corresponding to the members of the population that are included in the sample ).

(b) Suppose that, in Step 2 of Procedure 1.1, the random number chosen is 10 ( i.e., k = 10 ). Determine the sample.

Keno. In the game of keno, 20 balls are selected at random from 80 balls numbered 1-80.

(a) Use Table I in Appendix A to simulate one game of keno by obtaining 20 random numbers between 1 and 80. Start at the two-digit number in line number 5 and column numbers 31-32, read down the column, up the next, and so on.

(b) If you have access to a random-number generator, use it to solve part (a).

Explain two ways in which descriptive statistics and inferential statistics are interrelated.

Element Hunters. In the article "Element Hunters" (National Geographic, Vol. 233, No. 5, pp. 112-120), R. Dunn reports about the search for new undiscovered elements. Since 1940, scientists have been synthesizing elements one by one. The first was neptunium (Np), element number 93. There are, as of this writing, a total of 26 new synthetic elements. The following table provides their element numbers and symbols.

(a) Suppose that you decide to take a simple random sample of eight of these new elements. Use Table I in Appendix A to obtain eight random numbers that you can use to specify your sample.

(b) If you have access to a random-number generator, use it to solve part (a).

In simple random sampling, it is also true that each member of the population is equally likely to be selected, the chance for each member being equal to the sample size divided by the population size.

(a) Under what circumstances is that fact also true for systematic random sampling? Explain your answer.

(b) Provide an example in which that fact is not true for systematic random sampling.
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