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Cottonmouth Litter Size. In the paper "The Eastern Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) at the Northern Edge of Its Range" (Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 29, No. 3, PP. 391-398), C. Blem and L. Blem examined the reproductive characteristics of the eastern cottonmouth, a once widely distributed snake whose numbers have decreased recently due to encroachment by humans. A simple random sample of 24 female cottonmouths in Florida yielded the following data on number of young per litter. Use single-value grouping.

a. determine a frequency distribution.

b. obtain a relative-frequency distribution.

c. construct a frequency histogram based on your result from part (a).

d. construct a relative-frequency histogram based on your result from part (b).

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a)

ValueFrequencyRelative frequency110.042310.042430.125570.292660.25740.167820.083Total241

(b)

ValueFrequencyRelative frequency110.042310.042430.125570.292660.25740.167820.083Total241

(c)

(d)


Step by step solution

01

Part (a)Step 1: Given information

Given in the question that, In the paper "The Eastern Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) at the Northern Edge of Its Range" (Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 29, No. 3, PP. 391-398), C. Blem and L. Blem examined the reproductive characteristics of the eastern cottonmouth, a once widely distributed snake whose numbers have decreased recently due to encroachment by humans. A simple random sample of 24 female cottonmouths in Florida yielded the following data on number of young per litter. Use single-value grouping.

We need to determine a frequency distribution.

02

Part(a) Step 2: Explanation

The given data is

The number of values that fall between the class's bounds is the frequency.

The data's frequency distribution is as follows:

ValueFrequencyRelative frequency110.042310.042430.125570.292660.25740.167820.083Total241

03

Part(b) Step 1: Given information

Given in the question that, In the paper "The Eastern Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) at the Northern Edge of Its Range" (Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 29, No. 3, PP. 391-398), C. Blem and L. Blem examined the reproductive characteristics of the eastern cottonmouth, a once widely distributed snake whose numbers have decreased recently due to encroachment by humans. A simple random sample of 24 female cottonmouths in Florida yielded the following data on number of young per litter. Use single-value grouping.

We need to obtain a relative-frequency distribution.

04

Part (b) Step 2: Explanation

The given data is

The frequency is divided by the overall frequency to get the relative frequency.

The data's relative frequency distribution is as follows:

ValueFrequencyRelative frequency110.042310.042430.125570.292660.25740.167820.083Total241
05

Part(c) Step 1: Given information

Given in the question that, In the paper "The Eastern Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) at the Northern Edge of Its Range" (Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 29, No. 3, PP. 391-398), C. Blem and L. Blem examined the reproductive characteristics of the eastern cottonmouth, a once widely distributed snake whose numbers have decreased recently due to encroachment by humans. A simple random sample of 24 female cottonmouths in Florida yielded the following data on number of young per litter. Use single-value grouping.

We need to construct a frequency histogram based on the result from part (a)

06

Part(c) Step 2: Explanation

The given data is

On a horizontal axis, the histogram shows the quantitative data classes, and on a vertical axis, the frequencies of those classes.

The bars must all be the same width and must be bordered by the lower class limitations.

The frequency must be represented by the height of the bars.

The frequency distribution histogram is shown below:

07

Part(d) Step 1: Given information

Given in the question that, In the paper "The Eastern Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) at the Northern Edge of Its Range" (Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 29, No. 3, PP. 391-398), C. Blem and L. Blem examined the reproductive characteristics of the eastern cottonmouth, a once widely distributed snake whose numbers have decreased recently due to encroachment by humans. A simple random sample of 24 female cottonmouths in Florida yielded the following data on number of young per litter. Use single-value grouping.

We need to construct a relative-frequency histogram based on the result from part (b)

08

Part(d) Step 2: Explanation

The given data is

On a horizontal axis, the histogram shows the quantitative data classes, and on a vertical axis, the frequencies of those classes.

The bars must be of the same width and must be bordered by the lower class limits.

The frequency must be represented by the height of the bars.

The relative frequency distribution histogram is shown below:

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Most popular questions from this chapter

We have drawn a smooth curve that represents a distribution,

a. Identify the shape of the distirbution with regard to modality.

b. Identify the shape of the distribution with regard to symmetry (or non symmetry)

c . If the distribution is unimodal and non symmetric, classify it as either right skewed or left skewed.

Explain the difference between

a. frequency and relative frequency.

b. percentage and relative frequency.

A variable of a population has a left-skewed distribution.

a. If a large simple random sample is taken from the population, roughly what shape will the distribution of the sample have? Explain your answer.

b. If two simple random samples are taken from the population, would you expect the two sample distributions to have identical shapes? Explain your answer.

c. If two simple random samples are taken from the population, would you expect the two sample distributions to have similar shapes? If so, what shape would that be? Explain your answers.

For data that are grouped in classes based on more than a single value, lower-class limits (or cut points) are used on the horizontal axis of a histogram for depicting the classes. Classmarks (or midpoints) can also be used, in which case each bar is centered over the mark (or midpoint) of the class it represents. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each method.

Process Capability. R. Morris and E. Watson studied various aspects of process capability in the paper "Determining Process Capability in a Chemical Batch Process" (Quality Engineering, Vol. 10(2), pp. 389-396). In one part of the study, the researchers compared the variability in product of a particular piece of equipment to a known analytic capability to decide whether product consistency could be improved. The following data were obtained for 10 batches of product.

Construct a stem-and-leaf diagram for these data with

a. one line per stem.

b. two lines per stem.

c. Which stem-and-leaf diagram do you find more useful? Why?

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