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Chapter 10: Q 10.113. (page 441)

Hypnosis and Pain. In the paper "An Analysis of Factors That Contribute to the Efficacy of Hypnotic Analgesia" (Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Vol. 96, No. 1, pp. 46-51), D. Price and J. Barber examined the effects of hypnosis on pain. They measured response to pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS), in centimeters, where higher VAS indicates greater pain. VAS sensory ratings were made before and after hypnosis on each of 16 subjects. A hypothesis test is to be performed to decide whether, on average, hypnosis reduces pain.

a. identify the variable.

b. identify the two populations:

c. identify the pairs

d. identify the paired-diffenence variable.

e. determine the null and allernative hypotheses.

f. classify the hypothesis test as nwo tailed, left tailed, or right tailed.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Part a) the variable of interest is visual analogue scale (VAS )

Part b) Same population is measured before and after the hypnosis.

Part c)VAS of people before and after of a particular person.

Part d) The difference between VAS of a pair of before and after of a particular person.

Part e)the null and alternative hypotheses.

Part f)the test is right tailed test.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1:Given information

Hypnosis and Pain. In the paper "An Analysis of Factors That Contribute to the Efficacy of Hypnotic Analgesia" (Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Vol. 96, No. 1, pp. 46-51), D. Price and J. Barber examined the effects of hypnosis on pain. They measured response to pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS), in centimeters, where higher VAS indicates greater pain. VAS sensory ratings were made before and after hypnosis on each of 16 subjects. A hypothesis test is to be performed to decide whether, on average, hypnosis reduces pain.

02

Step 2:Explaination a)

Here the variable of interest is visual analogue scale (VAS).

03

Step 2:Explaination b)

Same population is measured before and after the hypnosis.

04

Step 3:Explaination c)

VAS of people before and after of a particular person.

05

Step 2:Explaination Part d)

The difference between VAS of a pair of before and after of a particular person.

06

Step 2:Explaination e)

(e) Null hypothesis,

H0:On average, hypnosis does not reduce pain.

H0:渭1=渭2(Symbolically)

Alternative hypothesis,

Ha:On average, hypnosis reduces pain.

Ha:渭1>渭2(Symbolically)

07

Step 2:Explaination f)

Here the alternative hypothesis contains the > symbol, it represents the test is right tailed test.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Left-Tailed Hypothesis Tests and CIs. If the assumptions for a nonpooled t-interval are satisfied, the formula for a (1-伪) level upper confidence bound for the difference, 渭1-渭2. between two population means is

f1-f2+t0路s12/n1+s22/n2

For a left-tailed hypothesis test at the significance level 伪, the null hypothesis H0:渭1=渭2 will be rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis H2:渭1<渭2 if and only if the (1-伪)-level upper confidence bound for 渭1-渭2 is less than or equal to 0. In each case, illustrate the preceding relationship by obtaining the appropriate upper confidence bound and comparing the result to the conclusion of the hypothesis test in the specified exercise.

a. Exercise 10.83

b. Exercise 10.84

In this Exercise, we have provided summary statistics for independent simple random samples from two populations. In each case, use the pooled t-lest and the pooled t-interval procedure to conduct the required hypothesis test and obtain the specified confidence interval.

x炉1=20,s1=4,n1=10,x炉2=18,s2=5,n2=15

a. Right-tailed test,伪=0.05

b. 90%confidence interval

Why do you need to know the sampling distribution of the difference between two sample means in order to perform a hypothesis test to compare two population means?

A variable of two population has a mean of 40and standard deviation of 12for one of the population and a mean of 40and a standard deviation of 6 for the other population.

a. For independent samples of sizes 9and4respectively find the mean and standard deviation of x1-x2

b. Must the variable under consideration be normally distributed on each of the two population for you to answer part (a) ? Explain your answer.

b. Can you conclude that the variable x1-x2is normally distributed? Explain your answer.

Identify the assumption for using the two means ztest and the two mean zinterval procedure that renders those procedures generally impractical.
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