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Constructing Normal Quantile Plots. In Exercises 17鈥20, use the given data values to identify the corresponding z scores that are used for a normal quantile plot, then identify the coordinates of each point in the normal quantile plot. Construct the normal quantile plot, and then determine whether the data appear to be from a population with a normal distribution.

Earthquake Depths A sample of depths (km) of earthquakes is obtained from Data Set 21 鈥淓arthquakes鈥 in Appendix B: 17.3, 7.0, 7.0, 7.0, 8.1, 6.8.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The coordinates for each point on the plot are:

Observed

Z-scores

6.8

-1.38

7

-0.67

7

-0.21

7

0.21

8.1

0.67

17.3

1.38

The normal quantile plot for given sample is:

The sample of depths of earthquakes does not appear to be from a population with a normal distribution.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

The sample of depths in kilometer of earthquakes from data set 21 鈥淓arthquakes鈥 in Appendix B.

02

Arrange the given data in increasing order

The given sample data arranged in increasing order is:

6.8, 7.0, 7.0, 7.0, 8.1, 17.3

In the given data, the sample size is 6. Each value is the proportion of 16of the sample.

So, the cumulative left areas can be expressed as

12n,32n,52n,andsoon

For the given sample size,n=6 , the cumulative left areas, can be expressed as

112,312,512,712,912,and1112

The cumulative left areas expressed in decimal form are 0.0833, 0.2500, 0.4167, 0.5833, 0.75, and 0.9167.

03

Find the Cumulative left areas.

Referring to the standard normal distribution table, the z-score values corresponding to cumulative left areas of 0.0833, 0.2500, 0.4167, 0.5833, 0.75, and 0.9167 are -1.38, -0.67, -0.21, 0.21, 0.67, 1.38.

04

Express the sample values and z-score in (x, y) coordinate.

Pair thesample values of depths of eqarthquakes with the corresponding z-score in the form of (x, y) as:

(6.8,-1.28), (7.0, -0.67), (7.0, -0.21), (7.0, 0.21), (8.1, 0.67), and (17.3,1.38)

05

Sketch a Normal Quantile Plot  

Steps to draw a Normal quantile plot are as follows:

  1. Make horizontal axis and vertical axis.
  2. Mark the points 6, 8, 10 up to 18 on the horizontal axis and points -1.5, -1.0, - 0.5, 0.00 up to 1.5.
  3. Provide a title to the horizontal and vertical axis as 鈥淴 values鈥 and 鈥淶-score鈥 respectively.
  4. Mark the co-ordinates and obtain the normal quantile plot as shown below.

06

Conclude from Normal Quantile Plot

From the normal quantile plot, the points are not linearly aligned and do not show any symmetric pattern. So, the sample depths of earthquakes do not appear to be from a normal distributed population.

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