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In Exercises 13鈥20, use the data in the table below for sitting adult males and females (based on anthropometric survey data from Gordon, Churchill, et al.). These data are used often in the design of different seats, including aircraft seats, train seats, theatre seats, and classroom seats. (Hint: Draw a graph in each case.)

Mean

St.Dev.

Distribution

Males

23.5 in

1.1 in

Normal

Females

22.7 in

1.0 in

Normal

Find the probability that a male has a back-to-knee length between 22.0 in. and 24.0 in.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The probability that a male has a back-to-knee length between 22.0 in. and 24.0 in. is 0.5867.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

The data for sitting back-to-knee length for adult males and females are provided.

02

Describe the distribution

Let X represent the male back-to-knee length.

Steps to make a normal curve are as follows:

1. Make a horizontal and vertical axis.

2. Mark the points 20, 22, 24, and 26 on the horizontal axis and points 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4.

3. Provide titles to the horizontal and vertical axes as 鈥渪鈥 and 鈥渇(x),鈥 respectively.

4. Shade the region in between 22 and 24.

The area between 22.0 and 24.0 is equal to the probability of getting the length between 22.0 and 24.0.

The probability has a one-to-one correspondence with the area of the curve represented as P22.0<X<24.0.

03

Compute the z-score

The z-score corresponding tox1=22

z1=x1-=22-23.51.1=-1.36

Therefore, the z score is -1.36.

The z-score corresponding to y1=24,

z2=x2-=24-23.51.1=0.45

Therefore, the z score is 0.45.

04

Compute the probability

The area between the two z-scores is -1.36 and 0.45.

Mathematically,

Areabetween-1.36and0.45=Areatotheleftof0.45-Areatotheleftof-1.36=PZ<0.45-PZ<-1.36...1

Use the standard normal table,

  • the area to the left of 0.45 is obtained from the table in the intersection cell with row value 0.4 and the column value 0.05, which is obtained as 0.6736.
  • the area to the left of -1.36 is obtained from the table in the intersection cell with row value -1.3 and the column value 0.06, which is obtained as 0.0869.

Mathematically it is expressed as:

Areatotheleftof0.45=PZ<0.45=0.6736Areatotheleftof-1.36=PZ<-1.36=0.0869

Substitute the values in equation (1),the probability that a male has a back-to-knee length between 22.0 in. and 24.0 in. is given as:

Areabetween-1.36and0.45=0.6736-0.0869=0.5867

Therefore, the probability that a male has a back-to-knee length between 22.0 in. and 24.0 in. is0.5867.

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In Exercises 13鈥20, use the data in the table below for sitting adult males and females (based on anthropometric survey data from Gordon, Churchill, et al.). These data are used often in the design of different seats, including aircraft seats, train seats, theatre seats, and classroom seats. (Hint: Draw a graph in each case.)

Mean

St.Dev.

Distribution

Males

23.5 in

1.1 in

Normal

Females

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1.0 in

Normal

For females, find the first quartile Q1, which is the length separating the bottom 25% from the top 75%.

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