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Chapter 1: Q17BSC (page 1)

In Exercises 17鈥�20, refer to the sample of body temperatures (degrees Fahrenheit) in the table below. (The body temperatures are from a data set in Appendix B.)

Context of the Data: Refer to the table of body temperatures. Is there some meaningful way in which each body temperature recorded at 8 AM is matched with the 12 AM temperature?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Yes, each body temperature recorded at 8 AM and 12 AM belongs to a common experimental unit.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

The table shows body temperatures recorded twice a day for five subjects.

02

The interpretation of the table

The rows show the values recorded at 8 AM and 12 AM.

Any pair of values taken at 8 AM and 12 AM is recorded against a subject of the study. The columns in the table represent the subjects proposed to be recorded for the study.

03

Meaning of matched observations

A matched set of observations is recorded in a way that each observation is related to a common unit of the experiment (or subject).If only two sets of variables are recorded from each experimental unit, they are referred to as paired or matched paired values.

04

Step 4:The relationship between the body temperatures

As per the interpretation of the table, the body temperatures are matched with one of the subjects.

Thus, the body temperatures are paired values.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In Exercises 17鈥�20, refer to the sample of body temperatures (degrees Fahrenheit) in the table below. (The body temperatures are from a data set in Appendix B.).

Conclusion If we analyze the listed body temperatures with suitable methods of statistics, we conclude that when the differences are found between the 8 AM body temperatures and the 12 AM body temperatures, there is a 64% chance that the differences can be explained by random results obtained from populations that have the same 8 AM and 12 AM body temperatures. What should we conclude about the statistical significance of those differences?

What鈥檚 Wrong? In Exercises 25鈥�28, identify what is wrong.

Potatoes In a poll sponsored by the Idaho Potato Commission, 1000 adults were asked to select their favorite vegetables, and the favorite choice was potatoes, which were selected by 26% of the respondents.

Doughnuts and Fat. A classic study, conducted in 1935 by B. Lowe at the Iowa Agriculture Experiment Station, analyzed differences in the amount of fat absorbed by doughnuts in cooking with four different fats. For the experiment, 24 batches of doughnuts were randomly divided into four groups of 6 batches each. The four groups were then randomly assigned to the four fats. What type of statistical design was used for this study? Explain your answer.

In Exercises 21鈥�24, refer to the data in the table below. The entries are white blood cell counts (1000 cells,ML) and red blood cell counts (million cells,ML) from male subjects examined as part of a large health study conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. The data are matched, so that the first subject has a white blood cell count of 8.7 and a red blood cell count of 4.91, and so on.

Subject


12345
White8.75.97.36.25.9
Red4.915.594.444.85.17

Source of the Data Considering the source of the data, does that source appear to be biased in some way?

In Exercises 29鈥�36, answer the given questions, which are related to percentages.

Chillax USA Today reported results from a Research Now for Keurig survey in which 1458 men and 1543 women were asked this: 鈥淚n a typical week, how often can you kick back and relax?鈥�

a. Among the women, 19% responded with 鈥渞arely, if ever.鈥� What is the exact value that is 19% of the number of women surveyed?

b. Could the result from part (a) be the actual number of women who responded with 鈥渞arely, if ever鈥�? Why or why not?

c. What is the actual number of women who responded with 鈥渞arely, if ever鈥�?

d. Among the men who responded, 219 responded with 鈥渞arely, if ever.鈥� What is the percentage of men who responded with 鈥渞arely, if ever.鈥�?

e. Consider the question that the subjects were asked. Is that question clear and unambiguous so that all respondents will interpret the question the same way? How might the survey be improved?
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