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Chapter 11: Q11-2-4BSC (page 533)
Is the hypothesis test described in Exercise 1 right tailed, left-tailed, or two-tailed? Explain your choice.
The hypothesis test is right-tailed.
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Clinical Trial of Lipitor Lipitor is the trade name of the drug atorvastatin, which is used to reduce cholesterol in patients. (Until its patent expired in 2011, this was the largest-selling drug in the world, with annual sales of $13 billion.) Adverse reactions have been studied in clinical trials, and the table below summarizes results for infections in patients from different treatment groups (based on data from Parke-Davis). Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that getting an infection is independent of the treatment. Does the atorvastatin (Lipitor) treatment appear to have an effect on infections?
Placebo | Atorvastatin 10 mg | Atorvastatin 40 mg | Atorvastatin 80 mg | |
Infection | 27 | 89 | 8 | 7 |
No Infection | 243 | 774 | 71 | 87 |
In Exercises 5鈥�20, conduct the hypothesis test and provide the test statistic and the P-value and, or critical value, and state the conclusion.
Police Calls Repeat Exercise 11 using these observed frequencies for police calls received during the month of March: Monday (208); Tuesday (224); Wednesday (246); Thursday (173); Friday (210); Saturday (236); Sunday (154). What is a fundamental error with this analysis?
Cybersecurity The table below lists leading digits of 317 inter-arrival Internet traffic times for a computer, along with the frequencies of leading digits expected with 叠别苍蹿辞谤诲鈥檚 law (from Table 11-1 in the Chapter Problem).
a. Identify the notation used for observed and expected values.
b. Identify the observed and expected values for the leading digit of 2.
c. Use the results from part (b) to find the contribution to the\({\chi ^2}\)test statistic from the category representing the leading digit of 2.
Leading Digit | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
叠别苍蹿辞谤诲鈥檚 Law | 30.1% | 17.6% | 12.5% | 9.7% | 7.9% | 6.7% | 5.8% | 5.1% | 4.6% |
Leading Digits of Inter-Arrival Traffic Times | 76 | 62 | 29 | 33 | 19 | 27 | 28 | 21 | 22 |
A study of seat belt users andnonusers yielded the randomly selected sample data summarized in the given table (based on data from 鈥淲hat Kinds of People Do Not Use Seat Belts?鈥� by Helsing and Comstock, American Journal of Public Health,Vol. 67, No. 11). Test the claim that the amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. A plausible theory is that people who smoke more are lessconcerned about their health and safety and are therefore less inclined to wear seat belts. Is this theory supported by the sample data?
| ||||||
0 | 1-14 | 15-34 | 35 and over | |||
Wear Seat Belts | 175 | 20 | 42 | 6 | ||
Don't Wear Seat Belts | 149 | 17 | 41 | 9 | ||
Cybersecurity What do the results from the preceding exercises suggest about the possibility that the computer has been hacked? Is there any corrective action that should be taken?
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