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Constructing Frequency Distributions. In Exercises 11鈥18, use the indicated data to construct the frequency distribution. (The data for Exercises 13鈥16 can be downloaded at TriolaStats.com.)

Old Faithful Listed below are sorted duration times (seconds) of eruptions of the Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone National Park. Use these times to construct a frequency distribution. Use a class width of 25 seconds and begin with a lower class limit of 125 seconds.

125 203 205 221 225 229 233 233 235 236 236 237 238 238 239 240 240 240 240 241 241 242 242 242 243 243 244 245 245 245 245 246 246 248 248 248 249 249 250 251 252 253 253 255 255 256 257 258 262 264

Short Answer

Expert verified

The following frequency distribution is constructed for the eruption times (in seconds):

Eruption times (seconds)

Frequency

125-149

1

150-174

0

175-199

0

200-224

3

225-249

34

250-274

12

Step by step solution

01

Given information

Data are given on the duration of eruptions of the Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone National Park.

02

Frequency distribution

A frequency distribution is an arrangement of data values in the form of closed intervals.

The frequencies of each class interval are tabulated by counting the number of data values that fall in each interval.

03

Construction

The minimum value in the data is equal to 125 seconds.

The maximum value in the data is equal to264 seconds.

The first lower limit is equal to 125 seconds.

Class width = 25 seconds.

The number of class intervals required is computed below.

Therefore, the total number of class intervals in the frequency distribution is equal to 6.

Numberofclasses=Maximumvalue-MinimumvalueClasswidth=264-12525=5.566

According to the given formula, the lower class limits of the 6 intervals are computed below.

Classwidth=Differencebetween2consecutivelowerclasslimits

1stlowerclasslimit=1252ndlowerclasslimit=125+25=150

3rdlowerclasslimit=150+25=1754thlowerclasslimit=175+25=200

5thlowerclasslimit=200+25=2256thlowerclasslimit=225+25=250

Considering a gap of 1 unit between each successive interval, the following upper class limits are constructed:

1stupperclasslimit=2ndlowerclasslimit-1=150-1=149

2ndupperclasslimit=3rdlowerclasslimit-1=175-1=174

3rdupperclasslimit=4thlowerclasslimit-1=200-1=199

4thupperclasslimit=5thlowerclasslimit-1=225-1=224

5thupperclasslimit=6thlowerclasslimit-1=250-1=249

6thupperclasslimit=7thlowerclasslimit-1=275-1=274

By counting the durationsthat fall in each interval (both limits inclusive), the following frequency distribution is constructed:

Eruption times (seconds)

Frequency

125-149

1

150-174

0

175-199

0

200-224

3

225-249

34

250-274

12

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In Exercises 1鈥6, refer to the data below, which are total home game playing times (hours) for all Major League Baseball teams in a recent year (based on data from Baseball Prospectus).

236 237 238 239 241 241 242 245 245 245 246 247 247 248 248 249 250 250 250 251 252 252 253 253 258 258 258 260 262 264

Data Type

a. The listed playing times are all rounded to the nearest whole number. Before rounding, are the exact playing times discrete data or continuous data?

b. For the listed times, are the data categorical or quantitative?

c. Identify the level of measurement of the listed times: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio.

d. Which of the following best describes the sample data: voluntary response sample, random sample, convenience sample, simple sample?

e. The listed total game times are from one recent year, and the data are available for all years back to 1950. Given that the listed times are part of a larger collection of times, do the data constitute a sample or a population?

Expanded Stemplots A stemplot can be condensed by combining adjacent rows. We could use a stem of 鈥6鈥7鈥 instead of separate stems of 6 and 7. Every row in the condensed stemplot should include an asterisk to separate digits associated with the different stem values. A stemplot can be expanded by subdividing rows into those with leaves having digits 0 through 4 and those with leaves having digits 5 through 9. Using the body temperatures from 12 AM on Day 2 listed in Data Set 3 鈥淏ody Temperatures鈥 in Appendix B, we see that the first three rows of an expanded stemplot have stems of 96 (for leaves between 5 and 9 inclusive), 97 (for leaves between 0 and 4 inclusive), and 97 (for leaves between 5 and 9 inclusive). Construct the complete expanded stemplot for the body temperatures from 12 AM on Day 2 listed in Data Set 3 鈥淏ody Temperatures鈥 in Appendix B.

Seatbelts A histogram is to be constructed from the measured breaking points (in pounds) of tested car seatbelts. Identify two key features of a histogram of those values that would suggest that the data have a normal distribution.

Categorical Data. In Exercises 23 and 24, use the given categorical data to construct the relative frequency distribution.

Clinical Trial When XELJANZ (tofacitinib) was administered as part of a clinical trial for this rheumatoid arthritis treatment, 1336 subjects were given 5 mg doses of the drug, and here are the numbers of adverse reactions: 57 had headaches, 21 had hypertension, 60 had upper respiratory tract infections, 51 had nasopharyngitis, and 53 had diarrhoea. Does any one of these adverse reactions appear to be much more common than the others? (Hint: Find the relative frequencies using only the adverse reactions, not the total number of treated subjects.)

Normal Distributions. In Exercises 9 and 10, using a loose interpretation of the criteria for determining whether a frequency distribution is approximately a normal distribution, determine whether the given frequency distribution is approximately a normal distribution. Give a brief explanation.

Best Actresses Refer to the frequency distribution from Exercise 5

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