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Chapter 1: Problem 65

We want to describe the so-called typical student at your college. Describe a variable that measures some characteristic of a student and results in a. Attribute data b. Numerical data

Short Answer

Expert verified
In the case of a typical student, an attribute could be their major, like 'Engineering' and a numerical data could be something quantifiable like their age, which could be '20 years'.

Step by step solution

01

Describe Typical Student Attribute

Attribute data measures some characteristic of a student that is non-numerical. These traits could include the student's major, their home state, or more discreet attributes like whether they are a part time or full time student. These traits are categorical and cannot be measured on a numerical scale.
02

Describe Typical Student Numerical Data

Numerical data are information that can be quantified and used in a mathematical operation. For a typical student, examples of numerical data could include their age, GPA, number of courses taken, or the number of hours they study each week.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Attribute Data
Attribute data refers to non-numerical characteristics that can be used to describe a typical student. These traits are also known as categorical data.
They include information that cannot be measured with numbers but can be classified into categories.
  • Major: This tells us what field the student is studying in. For example, it could be Biology, Engineering, or Literature.

  • Home state or country: This indicates where the student is from, such as California or France.

  • Enrollment status: Whether the student is full-time or part-time.
These characteristics provide insights about the student population without involving numerical analysis.
Numerical Data
Numerical data, on the other hand, involves characteristics that can be measured and expressed as numbers. This type of data is quantitative and can be used in mathematical calculations.
Here are some examples related to typical students:
  • Age: Represents the number of years a student has lived.

  • GPA: A numerical representation of a student's overall academic performance.

  • Number of courses: Indicates how many classes the student is currently taking.

  • Study hours per week: The average time a student spends studying each week.
These numerical values help us to quantitatively analyze various aspects of student life.
Typical Student Characteristics
Typical student characteristics encompass a mix of both attribute and numerical data.
To form a comprehensive picture, consider combining both types of data.
  • Diverse backgrounds: Attribute data such as different majors and home states adds to their diversity.

  • Varied academic profiles: Numerical data like GPA and study hours reflect the range of academic involvement.

  • Full-time versus part-time: Attribute data describing their enrollment status influencing their experience.
Understanding these characteristics helps in creating a detailed profile of what a typical student might be like on your campus.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Harris Interactive conducted an online poll of U.S. adults during August 2008 in anticipation of September being Library Sign-up Month. Libary Card Use These are some of the results of a Harris Interactive poll of 2,710 U.S. adults conducted online between August 11 and 17,2008 . \(68 \%\) of Americans currently own a library card. Certain groups are more likely to have a library card than others-Echo Boomers (those \(18-31\) ) are more likely to have one over other age categories \((70 \%\) versus \(68-65 \%) ;\) women over men \((73 \% \text { versus } 62 \%) ;\) Hispanics over African Americans and Whites (72\% versus 67\% and \(66 \%\) ); Midwesterners \((72 \%)\) over Easterners \((65 \%)\) and Southerners (63\%). Politically there is also a difference as Democrats are more likely to have a library card over Republicans and Independents \((71 \% \text { versus } 67 \% \text { and } 61 \%)\) Over one-third \((35 \%)\) of people with a library card have used the library 1 to 5 times in the past year and \(15 \%\) have used it more than 25 times in the past year. a. What is the population? b. Name at least 3 variables that must have been used. c. Classify all the variables of the study as either attribute or numerical.

Replace incandescent light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs that use up to \(75 \%\) less energy and last up to 10 times as long. From "Simple Ways to Save Energy," NYSEG Energy Lines, February 2009. a. What two claims are made in the above statement by the New York State Electric and Gas Company? State them in terms of a statistical parameter. b. Do you feel the two statements by NYSEG are reasonable and likely to be true? Explain. c. If you feel a claim is reasonable and likely true, would you be driven to find evidence to verify its truth? Explain. d. If you feel a claim is not reasonable and likely not true, would you be driven to find evidence to verify it to be incorrect? Explain. e. Would you be more likely to research the situation described in part c or d? Explain. f. How would you proceed to attempt to verify "up to \(75 \%\) less energy"? g. How would you proceed to attempt to verify "last up to 10 times as long"?

Identify each of the following as examples of (1) nominal, (2) ordinal, (3) discrete, or (4) continuous variables: a. \(\quad\) A poll of registered voters as to which candidate they support b. The length of time required for a wound to heal when a new medicine is being used c. The number of televisions within a household d. The distance first-year college women can kick a football e. The number of pages per job coming from a computer printer f. The kind of tree used as a Christmas tree

How have computers increased the usefulness of statistics for professionals such as researchers, government workers who analyze data, statistical consultants, and others?

Consider a simple population consisting of only the numbers \(1,2,\) and 3 (an unlimited number of each). There are nine different samples of size 2 that could be drawn from this population: (1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(2,1),(2,2),(2,3) (3,1),(3,2),(3,3) a. If the population consists of the numbers \(1,2,3,\) and 4, list all the samples of size 2 that could possibly be selected. b. If the population consists of the numbers \(1,2,\) and 3 list all the samples of size 3 that could possibly be selected.
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