Problem 19
Using the pigeonhole principle, prove that the cardinality of a finite set is unique.
Problem 26
Mark each sentence as true or false. Assume the composites and inverses are defined: The composition of two bijections is a bijection.
Problem 28
Evaluate each sum, where \(\delta_{i j}\) is defined as follows. $$ \delta_{i j}=\left\\{\begin{array}{ll}{1} & {\text { if } i=j} \\ {0} & {\text { otherwise }}\end{array}\right. $$ \(\left[\delta_{j} \text { is called Kronecker's delta, after the German mathematician Leopold }\right.\) Kronecker \((1823-1891) . ]\) $$ \sum_{i=1}^{5} \sum_{j=1}^{5} \delta_{i j} $$
Problem 31
Find the day of the week in each case. 234 days from Monday
Problem 38
A square matrix \(A\) is symmetric if \(A^{\prime \mathrm{T}}=A .\) What can you say about the elements of a symmetric matrix \(A\) ?
Problem 39
Let \(A\) be a square matrix. Prove that \(\left(A^{\mathrm{T}}\right)^{\mathrm{T}}=A\).
Problem 41
Prove. A bijection exists between any two closed intervals \([a, b]\) and \([c, d],\) where \(a< b\) and \(c< d\) . (Hint: Find a suitable function that works.)
Problem 42
Prove. The set of odd positive integers is countably infinite.
Problem 43
Prove. The set of integers is countably infinite.
Problem 44
If \(g \circ f\) is injective, then \(f\) is injective.