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Calculating Annuities Due You want to buy a new sports car from Muscle Motors for \(\$ 65,000\). The contract is in the form of a 48 -month annuity due at a 6.45 percent APR. What will your monthly payment be?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The monthly payment for the 48-month annuity due with a 6.45% APR on a \$65,000 sports car from Muscle Motors will be approximately \(\$1,738.07\).

Step by step solution

01

Identify the variables

First, we need to identify the variables from the given exercise. - Present Value of the car (PV) = \(\$65,000\) - Number of months (n) = 48 - Annual Percentage Rate (APR) = 6.45%
02

Calculate the monthly interest rate

The annual percentage rate (APR) should be converted into the monthly interest rate (r). To do this, divide the APR by 12 (months) and convert it to a decimal: \(r = \frac{APR}{12} = \frac{6.45}{12} = 0.5375\) Now, convert the decimal into a percentage: \(r = 0.5375\% = 0.005375\)
03

Find the Present Value Annuity Due factor

We will use the Present Value Annuity Due (PVAD) factor formula, which is given by: \(PVAD = \frac{(1 - (1 + r)^{-n})}{r} \times (1 + r)\) Plugging in the values, \(PVAD = \frac{(1 - (1 + 0.005375)^{-48})}{0.005375} \times (1 + 0.005375)\) First, calculate the term inside the brackets: \((1 + 0.005375)^{-48} = 0.777169\) Now, \(PVAD = \frac{(1 - 0.777169)}{0.005375} \times (1 + 0.005375) = 37.2120 \times 1.005375 = 37.3876\)
04

Calculate the monthly payment

Finally, we will divide the Present Value (PV) of the car by the Present Value Annuity Due (PVAD) factor to find the monthly payment: Monthly Payment = \(\frac{PV}{PVAD} = \frac{65,000}{37.3876} \approx \$1,738.07\) So, your monthly payment for the 48-month annuity due with a 6.45% APR will be approximately \(\$1,738.07\).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Present Value Annuity Due
When you decide to make an investment that requires regular payments, such as a loan for a sports car, it's crucial to understand the Present Value Annuity Due. This is a type of annuity where payments are made at the beginning of each period instead of the end, which is more common in ordinary annuities.

The Present Value Annuity Due formula helps you calculate the total amount of today's money that would be equivalent to a series of future payments. To put it simply, it tells you how much a series of future payments is worth right now, given a specific interest rate. It’s especially useful for setting the right payment amount so that it's fair both for the lender and the borrower.

In the example of purchasing a sports car, the monthly payments are made right away, at the start of the month, hence the need for a Present Value Annuity Due calculation. This calculation enables you to know the exact monthly payment required to pay off the vehicle over 48 months, factoring in the impact of making payments at the start of each period.
Annual Percentage Rate (APR)
Understanding Annual Percentage Rate (APR) is crucial for any financial decision-making, especially when it involves loans or investments. APR represents the annual rate charged for borrowing or earned through an investment and includes fees or additional costs associated with the transaction.

Essentially, APR provides a bottom-line number you can use to compare different loan offers or investment returns. It's expressed as a percentage that represents the actual yearly cost of funds over the term of a loan. This rate is important because it can significantly affect the amount of money you'll need to pay back, or expect to receive, over time.

When considering a loan for a sports car, the stated APR helps to determine the monthly cost of the loan. Knowing how to convert APR into a monthly interest rate, as shown in your loan example, allows for a more accurate calculation of monthly payments.
Monthly Interest Rate
Diving deeper into financial calculations, the monthly interest rate might appear daunting, but it's essentially the APR divided by 12. This conversion is important because most repayment schedules on loans and investments are on a monthly basis.

Understanding how to convert from an annual rate to a monthly rate gives a clearer picture of monthly financial obligations. In your car loan example, this conversion allows you to use the APR for effective monthly payment calculations. The monthly interest rate affects each payment, and the affordability of the loan must be assessed by looking at these monthly figures rather than the annual rate.
Finance Mathematics
The field of finance mathematics might seem complex, but its applications in everyday life — such as buying a car or a house — make understanding it essential. Finance mathematics is used to assess loans, investments, and savings, incorporating concepts like present value, future value, interest rates, and annuities.

This body of knowledge helps individuals and businesses make informed financial decisions by providing a set of tools for evaluating the time value of money. It allows us to compare different financial scenarios and decide which one works best for our own personal financial goals. For instance, when calculating the monthly payment for a car loan, we're applying finance mathematics to determine how much needs to be paid periodically to fulfill the loan conditions fairly.

By grasping these mathematical principles, you’re better equipped to understand the terms of your financial commitments and to plan accordingly, ensuring you can make smart, informed financial decisions.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Calculating Annuity Values An All-Pro defensive lineman is in contract negotiations. The team has offered the following salary structure: All salaries are to be paid in a lump sum. The player has asked you as his agent to renegotiate the terms. He wants a \(\$ 9\) million signing bonus payable today and a contract value increase of \(\mathbf{\$ 7 5 0 , 0 0 0}\). He also wants an equal salary paid every three months, with the first paycheck three months from now. If the interest rate is 5 percent compounded daily, what is the amount of his quarterly check? Assume \(\mathbf{3 6 5}\) days in a year.

Calculating Present Values You just won the TVM Lottery. You will receive \(\$ 1\) million today plus another 10 annual payments that increase by \(\$ 350,000\) per year. Thus, in one year you receive \(\$ 1.35\) million. In two years, you get \(\$ 1.7\) million, and so on. If the appropriate interest rate is 9 percent, what is the present value of your winnings?

Perpetuities A prestigious investment bank designed a new security that pays a quarterly dividend of \(\$ 5\) in perpetuity. The first dividend occurs one quarter from today. What is the price of the security if the stated annual interest rate is 7 percent, compounded quarterly?

Calculating Interest Expense You receive a credit card application from Shady Banks Savings and Loan offering an introductory rate of 2.40 percent per year, compounded monthly for the first six months, increasing thereafter to 18 percent compounded monthly. Assuming you transfer the \(\$ 6,000\) balance from your existing credit card and make no subsequent payments, how much interest will you owe at the end of the first year?

Annuity Present Values What is the value today of a 15 -year annuity that pays \(\$ 750\) a year? The annuity's first payment occurs six years from today. The annual interest rate is 12 percent for years 1 through 5 , and 15 percent thereafter.

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