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Solve each polynomial inequality and graph the solution set on a real number line. Express each solution set in interval notation. $$ 3 x^{2}+16 x<-5 $$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The solution set of the inequality \(3x^{2}+16x < -5\) expressed in interval notation is \((-5, -1/3)\).

Step by step solution

01

Rewrite the Inequality

First, rewrite the given inequality \(3x^{2}+16x < -5\) so that all terms are on one side of the inequality to get \(3x^{2}+16x+5 < 0\). This is a quadratic inequality.
02

Factoring the Quadratic

Factor the quadratic \(3x^{2}+16x+5\). We need to find two numbers that multiply to \((3)(5) = 15\) and add up to \(16\). The numbers are \(15\) and \(1\), so our factored quadratic is \((3x+1)(x+5) < 0\).
03

Find the Roots

Set each factor equal to zero and solve for \(x\) to find the values of \(x\) at which the equation equals \(0\), these are known as the roots or zeros. These are found by setting \((3x+1) = 0\) and \(x = -1/3\) and \((x+5) = 0\) and \(x = -5\).
04

Test Intervals

We have now divided the number line into three intervals by the roots \(-1/3\) and \(-5\). We need to take a test point from each interval and substitute it into the inequality to determine if the interval is part of the solution: Choose any number to the left of \(-5\) like \(-6\), between \(-5\) and \(-1/3\) like \(-4\), and to the right of \(-1/3\) like \(0\). Substitution results in the statement being true for values between \(-1/3\) and \(-5\).
05

Write the Solution in Interval Notation

The solutions to the inequality are those \(x\) values for which the function is less than zero. The exact solutions are \(x=-1/3\) and \(x=-5\). Hence the solutions are written in interval notation as \(-5 < x < -1/3\), or in bracket notation as \((-5, -1/3)\).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Quadratic Inequalities
One of the most intuitive ways to visualize solutions to polynomial inequalities is by graphing them on a number line. This provides a clear visual representation where certain segments of the line are marked to depict the solution set.

The process typically begins by marking the roots or zeroes of the related quadratic equation (the points where the inequality would be equal to zero). Once these critical points are located, the number line is divided into intervals. A value within each interval is then tested in the original inequality. If the inequality holds for that test value, the corresponding segment of the number line gets shaded to indicate that all values within that interval are solutions. This graphic representation is especially helpful in offering an immediate visual assessment of the problem's solution.
Factoring Quadratics
Factoring quadratics is a foundational skill in algebra, allowing students to solve quadratic equations and inequalities more efficiently. To factor a quadratic, we express it as the product of two binomials. The reality of this approach simplifies complex problems and reveals the roots of the quadratic equation.

For the quadratic \( ax^2 + bx + c\), we look for two numbers that multiply to \(ac\) and add to \(b\). Once these numbers are identified, the quadratic can be expressed as \((mx + n)(px + q)\), where the product of \(m\) and \(p\) gives \(a\), the product of \(n\) and \(q\) gives \(c\), and the sum of the outer and inner products gives \(b\). When a quadratic is factored, solving inequalities becomes more transparent as the zeros of the equation are immediately apparent, and the test intervals can be formed.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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