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a. Determine whether the graph of the parabola b. Identify the vertex. opens upward or downward. c. Determine the \(x\) -intercept(s). d. Determine the \(y\) -intercept. e. Sketch the function. f. Determine the axis of symmetry. g. Determine the minimum or maximum value h. Determine the domain and range. (See Example 1) of the function. $$ k(x)=2(x-3)^{2}-2 $$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The parabola opens upward. The vertex is (3, -2). The x-intercepts are (4, 0) and (2, 0). The y-intercept is (0, 16). The axis of symmetry is x = 3. The minimum value is -2. The domain is (-∞, +∞) and the range is [-2, +∞).

Step by step solution

01

- Identify the vertex form

The given function is in vertex form: \( k(x) = a(x-h)^2 + k \) Here, \(a = 2\), \(h = 3\), and \(k = -2\).
02

- Determine if the parabola opens upward or downward

Check the coefficient \(a\). If \(a > 0\), the parabola opens upward. If \(a < 0\), the parabola opens downward.Since \(a = 2 > 0\), the parabola opens upward.
03

- Identify the vertex

The vertex of the parabola in the form \( k(x) = a(x-h)^2 + k \) is \((h, k)\).So, the vertex is \((3, -2)\).
04

- Determine the x-intercept(s)

To find the \(x\)-intercepts, set \(k(x) = 0\):\[ 0 = 2(x-3)^2 - 2 \]\[ 2(x-3)^2 = 2 \]\[ (x-3)^2 = 1 \]\[ x - 3 = \pm 1 \]\[ x = 4 \text{ or } x = 2 \]Therefore, the \(x\)-intercepts are \((4, 0)\) and \((2, 0)\).
05

- Determine the y-intercept

To find the \(y\)-intercept, set \(x = 0\):\[ k(0) = 2(0-3)^2 - 2 \]\[ k(0) = 2(9) - 2 \]\[ k(0) = 18 - 2 \]\[ k(0) = 16 \]The \(y\)-intercept is \((0, 16)\).
06

- Sketch the function

Plot the vertex \((3, -2)\), the \(x\)-intercepts \((4, 0)\) and \((2, 0)\), and the \(y\)-intercept \((0, 16)\). Draw a parabola opening upward passing through these points.
07

- Determine the axis of symmetry

The axis of symmetry of a parabola in vertex form is given by the line \(x = h\).So the axis of symmetry is \(x = 3\).
08

- Determine the minimum or maximum value

For a parabola that opens upward (\(a > 0\)), the vertex represents the minimum value.So, the minimum value of the function is \(-2\), occurring at \(x = 3\).
09

- Determine the domain and range

The domain of a quadratic function is all real numbers: \( (-\infty, +\infty) \).Since the parabola opens upward and has a minimum value of \(-2\), the range is \( [-2, +\infty) \).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Parabola
A parabola is a U-shaped curve that is the graph of a quadratic function. It can open either upward or downward. The direction it opens depends on the coefficient of the squared term in the quadratic function. In the vertex form of a quadratic function, which is given by






(x-h)^2 + k






0\), the parabola opens upward. If \(a < 0\), the parabola opens downward. Understanding these basic properties will help you analyze the graph of any quadratic function effectively.
x-intercept
The x-intercept(s) of a quadratic function are the points where the graph crosses the x-axis. To find the x-intercepts, you need to solve the equation \(k(x) = 0\). For the given function \(k(x) = 2(x-3)^2 - 2\), you set it equal to zero and solve: \[0 = 2(x-3)^2 -2\]
Solving this equation, we get: \[(x-3)^2 = 1\]
Therefore, \[x-3 = \pm 1\], which simplifies to \(x = 4\) or \(x = 2\). So, the x-intercepts are \((4, 0)\) and \((2, 0)\). These points are where the graph touches the x-axis.
y-intercept
The y-intercept of a quadratic function is the point where the graph crosses the y-axis. To find the y-intercept, set \(x = 0\) in the function and solve for \(k(x)\). For \(k(x) = 2(x-3)^2 - 2\): \[k(0) = 2(0-3)^2 - 2\]
This simplifies to: \[k(0) = 2(9) - 2\]
\[k(0) = 18 - 2\]
\[k(0) = 16\]. So, the y-intercept is \((0, 16)\). This is the point where the graph crosses the y-axis, providing important information about the function's behavior.
Axis of Symmetry
The axis of symmetry of a parabola is a vertical line that divides the graph into two mirror images. For a quadratic function in vertex form \(k(x) = a(x-h)^2 + k\), the axis of symmetry is given by the equation \(x = h\). In our example, \(k(x) = 2(x-3)^2 - 2\), the axis of symmetry is \(x = 3\). This vertical line passes through the vertex and helps in identifying the mirrored nature of the graph.
Domain and Range
The domain and range provide information about the set of possible input and output values of a function: The domain of a quadratic function is all real numbers, written as \((-\br\br\br\br \infty \infty) \$, because a parabola extends indefinitely in both directions along the x-axis.The range,however depends on the direction the parabola opens.Since our function \)I(2x-3)^2 - 2\(with opening upwards'circle '\)a > 0\(, the range starts from the minimum value and extends to \)\infty: [\br -2 positive \infty] \$Therefore,the function's value can never below \(-2\),but can be any value.above it. Understanding the domain and range helps you grasp how the quadratic function behaves across inputs.

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